AP Gov Ch.5 Raquel Acosta Flashcards
Harriet Tubman
born a slave in Maryland in the early 1820’s Tubman escaped to freedom and became a conductor on the underground railroad. She led more than 70 people to freedom in the north, served in the union during the civil war, and championed women’s suffrage
abolitionist
a supporter, especially in the early 19th century, of ending the institution of slavery
civil rights
the government-protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government or individuals
equal protection clause
section of the 14th amendment that guarantees that all citizens receive “equal protection of the laws”
Frederick Douglass
a former slave born in the early 1800’s who became a leading abolitionist, writer and suffragist
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
leading 19th century feminist, suffragist, and abolitionist who.along with Lucretia Mott,organized the Seneca Falls Convention. Stanton later founded the National Woman Suffrage Associations (NWSA) with Susan B. Anthony
Lucrettia Mott
leading 19th cent feminist, suffragist and abolitionist who along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized Seneca falls convention
Seneca Falls Convention
first major feminist meeting, held in New York state in 1848, which produced the historic “Declaration of sentiments” calling for equal rights fro women
Dred Scott v. Stanford (1857)
supreme court decision that ruled the Missouri compromise unconstitutional and denied citizenship rights to enslaved African American. Dred Scott heightened tension between the pr-slavery south and the abolitionist North in the run up to the civil war
emancipation proclamation
presidents Abraham Lincoln issued this proclamation on January 1, 1863, in the 3rd year of the civil war. It freed all slaves in states that were in active rebellion against the united sates
Thirteenth Amendment
one of the three major amendments ratified after the civil war;specially bans slavery in the united state
fourteenth amendment
one of the three major amendments ratified after the civil war; guarantees equal protection and due process of the law to all U.S. citizens
fifteenth amendment
one of the three major amendments ratified after the civil war; specially enfranchised newly freed male slaves
Susan B. Anthony
19th century feminist, suffragist, and founder of the NWSA with Elizabeth cady Stanton. Anthony later formed the NAWSA which along with NWP helped to ensure ratification of the 19th amendment
Civil Rights Act of 1875
passed by congress to enforce the 14th amendment guarantees of equal protection to African Americans. granted equal access to public accommodations among either provisions
Jim Crows laws
laws enacted by southern states required segregation i public schools, theaters, hotels and other public accommodations
poll taxes
taxes levied in many southern states and locations that had to be paid before an eligible voter could cast a ballot
grandfather clause
voter qualification provision in many southern states that allowed only those citizens whose grandfather had voted before reconstructions to vote unless they passed a wealth or literacy test
progressive era (1890-1920)
a period of widespread activism to reform political, economic, and social ills in the united states
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
supreme court case that challenged a Louisiana statute requiring that railroads provide separate accommodations for blacks and whites; the court found that separate but equal accommodation did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment
separate-but-equal doctrine
the central tenet of the Plessy v. Ferguson decision that claimed that separate accommodations for blacks and Whites did not violate the constitution. This doctrine was used by southern states to pass widespread discriminatory legislation at the en of the 19th century
National Associations for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
an important rights organization founded in 1909 to oppose segregation, racism and voting rights violation targeted against African Americans
