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Paediatrics > Misc > Flashcards

Misc Flashcards

1
Q

BLS paeds algorithm

A

5 RB, 15:2 compressions

1 min of CPR if alone then call resus

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2
Q

RBC lifespan in infants?

A

70 days

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3
Q

What is minimal change glomerulonephritis?

A

Most common nephrotic syndrome at 2-3 y/o

Peripheral oedema, heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia + hyperlipidaemia

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4
Q

What head injury signs indicate a NAI?

A 
Abusive head trauma 
EDH 
Skull fractures 
SDH 
Retinal haemorrhage
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5
Q

Which skeletal fractures are common in NAI?

A 
Ribs 
Clavicle
Scapular 
Vertebral 
Fingers
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6
Q

What injuries are suspicious of NAI?

A 
Head injury 
Skeletal fractures 
Thermal injuries 
Visceral injuries 
Cold injuries 
Ingestions/ poisoning 
Soft tissue injuries 
Asphyxiations/ cardiac arrest
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7
Q

What condition is cafe au lait spots linked with?

A

Neurofibromatosis 2

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8
Q

When do you treat strawberry naevi + how?

A

if near the eyes – treat with propranolol

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9
Q

How + why do you investigate port wine stains?

A

Due to risk of Sturge Webers (ocular intracranial angioamas, learning delay + seizures)
Do retinal screen + MRI

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10
Q

What is erythema toxicum?

A

Hypersensitivity reaction in newborns, covers whole body, resolves in few weeks

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11
Q

What investigations do you do for ?peri-orbital cellulitis?

A

CT head to check for orbital cellulitis

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12
Q

What advice needs to be given for someone with EBV?

A

No alcohol or contact sports

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13
Q

When do you use an expiratory film CXR?

A

Kids with ?inhaled foreign body

Affected lung volume doesn’t reduce

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14
Q

When to refer + treat for cryptochorchidism

A

3 months - refer

Surgery after 6 months

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15
Q

Which inguinal hernias are most common + when should they be treated?

A

Indirect inguinal commonly right side

Fix within 4 weeks

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16
Q

When is TTG test positive?

A

Coeliac (tissue transglutaminase IgA)

17
Q

Which blood test is abnormal in haemophilia?

A

APTT is raised

18
Q

What is the most common malignancy in kids?

A

ALL

19
Q

What is the most common brain tumour in kids?

A

Astrocytoma

20
Q

Signs of mild, moderate + severe dehydration + the % body weight loss this means

A

Mild (up to 5%) = thirsty but everything else normal.
Moderate (6-9%) = tachycardic, dry mucus membranes, oliguria
Severe (>10%) = drowsy, hypotensive, cold, anuria

21
Q

What is a complication of infection that causes hyponatraemia + oliguria?

A

SIADH

22
Q

What supplements should breastfeeding women take?

A

Vit D

23
Q

How is ITP diagnosed?

A

FBC - low platelets

24
Q

What is a torsion of hydatid of Morgagni + how does it differentiate from testicular torsion?

A

Most common cause of acute scrotum in kids.

Cremasteric reflex still present + blue dot may be visible

25
Q

What is benign rolandic epilepsy?

A

seizures occurring at night involving mouth + face

26
Q

What bloods do you do 1st line with prolonged jaundice + what is it to rule out?

A

Split bilirubin (want to know level of conjugated bilirubin due to risk of biliary atresia)

27
Q

What is the 1st line investigation in a non febrile seizure?

A

ECG

28
Q

When does autism present?

A

Before 3

29
Q

What is erythema infectiosum?

A

Parvovirus - fifth disease

30
Q

How do you diagnose Duchennes?

A

CK

31
Q

What are the RF for surfactant deficiency?

A

Prematurity, male, sepsis, maternal DM, 2nd twin, elective CS

32
Q

What investigations to do in children <6 months + >6 months with UTIs?

A

<6 months = any UTI = USS + MCUG

>6 months = recurrent UTI = USS + DMSA

33
Q

When do premature babies get their vaccines?

A

At chronological age

34
Q

What is the key finding in babies whose mothers have been infected with CMV?

A

Intracranial calcifications

35
Q

What does effortless vomiting after feed signify?

A

Reflux

36
Q

What are the 3 C’s of measles?

A

Cough, coryza + conjunctivitis

37
Q

Which vaccines are live + so when can they not be given?

A

MMR + BCG

High dose steroids, low CD4 count HIV, chemo

38
Q

What does an exo/ eso + phoric/ tropic squint mean?

A

Exo = means the squint looks out/laterally
Eso = means the squint looks in/medially
Phoric = latent – only appears when binocular vision disrupted
Tropic – manifest – there all the time

39
Q

What heart defect causes splitting of S2?

A

ASD

Paediatrics (19 decks)

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