Unit 1 - Health Care Philosiphies and Ethics

Question 1

What are the seven core ethics to consider when making a health care decision?

Answer 1

1. Use of intervention technologies
2. Informed consent
3. Autonomy
4. Beneficence
5. Non-Maleficence
6. Justice
7. Economic consequences (personal and communal)

Question 2

What are the nine Rights of a Patient?

Answer 2

Patients have the right to:

1. Be fully informed to all treatment options
2. Appoint a substitute decision-maker (proxy)
3. Recognition of an advanced health care plan
4. A second opinion
5. Pain and symptom management
6. Refuse treatment
7. Refuse food or drink
8. End your own life
9. Assisted death

Question 3

Advanced health care plan

Answer 3

A document one makes provision for health care decisions in the event that, in the future, one is unable to make those decisions

Question 4

Autonomy

Answer 4

The right to make informed decisions about ones own health

Question 5

Beneficence

Answer 5

A fundamental ethical value that is defined as an act of mercy, and kindness with recognition of moral obligation
- prevent or remove harms

Question 6

Dialysis

Answer 6

The process of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body

Question 7

DNR

Answer 7

“Do not resuscitate” , is a legal order written in a hospital to allow for a natural death

Question 8

Hospice

Answer 8

A home providing care for the sick, especially the terminally ill

Question 9

Informed consent

Answer 9

Permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, given by a patient to a doctor

Question 10

Medical aid in dying

Answer 10

A mentally capable person who has a prognosis of six months or less requests p, obtains and self-administers medication that brings about peaceful death

Question 11

Non-maleficence

Answer 11

Non-harming or inflicting the least harm possible to reach a beneficial outcome

Question 12

Palliative care

Answer 12

Improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering.

Question 13

Proxy

Answer 13

The authority to represent someone else, and make health care decision in case of the person being unable to make their own

Question 14

Justice

Answer 14

Just behaviour or treatment

Question 15

Alternative medicine

Answer 15

Any of a range of medical therapies that are not regarded as orthodox by the medical profession, such as herbalism, homeopathy, and acupuncture

Question 16

Clinical trial

Answer 16

Research studies that explore whether a medical strategy, treatment, or device is safe and effective in humans

Question 17

Complementary medicine

Answer 17

Any of a range of medical therapies that fall behind the scope of scientific medicine but may be used alongside it in the treatment of disease and ill health.
ex.) acupuncture and osteopathy

Question 18

Indigenous health care

Answer 18

Indigenous health refers to the physical, cultural, social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal

Question 19

Traditional medicine

Answer 19

Systems of medicine developed before the era of modern medicine, based on cultural beliefs and practices handed down from generation to generation

Question 20

Western medicine

Answer 20

A system in which medical doctors and other healthcare professionals treat symptoms and disease using drugs, radiation, or surgery

Question 21

Ontology

Answer 21

A set of concept and categories in a subject area or domain that shows their properties and the relations between them

Question 22

Epistemology

Answer 22

The theory of knowledge, especially with regards to its methods, validity and scope.
- distinguishes justice belief from opinion