AF

Question 1

what % of CO are the atria responsible for?

Answer 1

25% of CO

Question 2

state some cause of AF?

Answer 2

common:
 IHD
􏰀 Rheumatic heart disease
􏰀 Thyrotoxicosis
􏰀 Hypertension

Alcohol
􏰀 Pneumonia
􏰀 PE
􏰀 Post-op
􏰀 Hypokalaemia
􏰀 RA

Question 3

what investigation is used to find structural abnormalities during AF?

Answer 3

TTE (trans thoracic ECHO)

Question 4

Acute AF is managed by emergency cardioversion

what are the two ways of doing this?

Answer 4

electrical
pharmacological
- 1st: Flecainide (if no structural heart disease)
􏰁- 2nd: Amiodarone

Question 5

how is atrial flutter managed ?

Answer 5

same as AF management

Amiodarone to restore sinus

􏰁Amiodarone or sotalol to maintain it

Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation (RA) is Rx of choice.