Neonatal Abdomen & Genitalia

Question 1

What is essential before examining a newborn baby?

Answer 1

Family history
Ultrasound findings
Polyhydramnious 
Oligohydramnious 
Feeding history 
Vomiting 
Passed urine and meconium: meconium and urine should be passed by 24 hours of age.

Question 2

What does abdominal inspection consist of?

Answer 2

Skin 
Shape of abdomen 
Diastasis recti 
Pyloric stenosis: is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine and a reason to why a baby may vomit in the first week 
Umbilical hernia 
Cord: Inspect for any discharge or hernias
Note any offensive smell and erythema
Abdominal wall 
Bladder

Question 3

What does the perineal area inspection consist of?

Answer 3

Anus: to check if it’s there
Anal sphincter
Anal wink: s the reflexive contraction of the external anal sphincter upon stroking of the skin around the anus.
Fistulas: an abnormal channel or passageway connecting one internal organ to another, or to the outside surface of the body.
Meconium

Question 4

What does the male genitalia inspection consist of?

Answer 4

Penis-hypospadias: Hypospadias is a condition where the meatus isn’t at the tip of the penis.
Testes-descended
Hydrocele: is a type of swelling in the scrotum that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle.
Testicular torsion: occurs when the spermatic cord (from which the testicle is suspended) twists, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle
Urine stream

Question 5

What does the female genitalia inspection consist of?

Answer 5

Labia majora: make sure the two labia have not merged.
Labia minora 
Hymenal tag: extra hymen tissue 
Vagina 
Passed urine