Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

y1 cant remember stuff > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

tests for H pylori chronic gastritis

A

stool antigen test
urease breath test
IgA antibody serology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

treatment for H pylori eradication

A

triple therapy
omeprazole and amoxicillin and clarithromycin

or

omeprazole and metronidazole and clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatment for gastroparesis

A

domperidone- taken before eating to contract stomach muscles and help move food along

erythromycin- antibiotic that helps contract stomach muscles and move food along

anti-emetic- medications that control nauesea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

signs of acute pancreatitis

A 
epigastric pain radiating to the back
fullness
abdominal tenderness
soft
tachycardia
hypotension
oliguric
cullens sign
grey turners sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

signs of chronic pancreatitis

A 
bloating
pain
increased stool frequency
fatty loose stools
weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

treating pseudocyst’s

A

endoscopic drainage

surgical stent to compress cysts

surgery
cyst gastrostomy- fistula between pseudocyst and stomach so fluid drains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

test for cholecytitis

A

T1, ultrasound
2.ERCP/ MRCP

CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is seen on CT of chronic pancreitis

A

calcification of pancreas
dilated pancreatic duct
fluid collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

treatment for chronic pancreatitis

A

endocrine function- address diabetes

exocrine function- CREON- enzyme supplement therapy

pain- opioids, paracetamol, NSAIDs

potentially surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

surgery for chronic pancreatitis

A

duodenum/jejenum joined to pancreas to allow pancreatic juices to drain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how primary biliary cholangitis diagnosed

A

2 of the following 3 being present
positive anti-mitochondrial antibody- AMA
cholestatic LFTs
liver biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

symptoms of endocrine tumour

A 
jaundice
dark urine
pale stools
weight loss
back pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment of pancreatic tumours

A

ERCP/ PTC
stent insertions
surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment for portal hypertension

A

TIPSS
trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

channels blood between the portal vein and the hepatic vein skipping the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment for biliary colic

A

low fat diet and weight loss
cholecystectomy
urseodeoxycholic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment for acute cholecystitis

A

IV antibiotics and fluid

urgent surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

symptoms of c.difficile

A

pseudomembranous colitis (inflammation of the colon)
(bloody) diarrhoea
abdominal pain
bowel perforation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

treatment for c.difficile

A

metronidazole

vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

test for c difficle

A

test for glutamate dehydrogenase

if present- test for toxins A and B

then culture to type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

diagnosing rota virus and norovirus

A

PCR on faeces or vomit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

treating rota virus

A

oral rehydration

vaccine- live attenuated vaccine at 2 and 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

main symptom of norovirus

A

explosive diarrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

treating campylobacter

A

macrolide such as clarithromycin

24
Q

symptoms of typhoidal salmonella

A

fever
rashes
prolonged excretion

25
Q

tests for E.coli

A

ELISA- detects the cytokines and shigella like toxins released

sorbitol McConkey agar- detects EHEC

26
Q

symptoms of haemolytic ureamic syndrome

A 
Cabdominal pain
fever
pallor
petechiae
oliguria
27
Q

blood tests for haemolytic ureamic syndrome

A 
low platelet
low haemoglobin
high WCC
red cell fragmentation
high ldl
28
Q

investigation for haemolytic uraemic syndrome

A 
U and Es
FBC
LFTs
clotting
urine
lactate dehydrogenase
29
Q

treatment for haemolytic ureamic syndrome

A

no antibiotics
no anti-motilitys agents
no NSAIDs

30
Q

treatment for enteric fever

A

ceftriaxone
ciprofloxacin
azithromycin

31
Q

treatment for acute travellers diarrhoea

A

ciprofloxacillin

32
Q

pre hepatic causes of jaunice

A

anything that increases the rate of haemolysis
malaria
HUS
sickle cell disease

33
Q

diagnosing cholera

A

stool culture

34
Q

symptoms of amoebias

A

(bloody) diarrhoea
abdominal pain
tissue perforation
anaemia

35
Q

investigations for entamoeba histolytica

A

stool microscopy
AXR
endoscopy

36
Q

symptoms of amoebic liver disease

A

fever
upper abdominal pain
hepatomegaly
point tenderness

37
Q

diagnosing amoebic liver disease

A 
abnormal LFTs
raised hemi diaphragm on CXR
USS/CT
serology
stool microscopy
38
Q

treatment for amoebic liver disease

A

metronidazole
tinidazole
paromomycin
dioxocane

39
Q

causes of bleeding in stool

A 
anal fissure
haemorrhoids
diverticulosis
colon cancer
polyps
angiodysplasias
meckels diverticulum
post-polypectomy colitis
peptic ulcers
proctitis
40
Q

causes of bleeding with abdominal pain

A

inflammatory bowel disease
crohns
ulcerative colitis
colitis due to infection

41
Q

most common cause of moderate to severe rectal bleeding in young adults or teenagers

A

meckels diverticulum
angiodysplasias

diverticulosis

42
Q

difference between bleeding in anal fissure and haemorrhoids

A

bleeding with haemorrhoids is not painful

43
Q

bleeding from the anal fissure

A

mild bleeding with pain in the anal area during bowel movements

44
Q

symptoms of giardiasis

A 
diarhhoea
abdominal pain
weight loss
vomiting
bloody stool
1-3 weeks after exposure
can last up to 6 weeks
45
Q

giardiasis

A

infection of the small bowel by giarda intestinalis

46
Q

helminths

A

infection caused by the ingestion of eggs

47
Q

diagnoses of helmminths

A

high eosinophil rate

diagnosed by egg in the stool

48
Q

schistosomiasis

A

caused by trematodes

associated with exposure to fresh water

49
Q

complications of schistosomiasis

A

hypertension
oesophageal varices
ascites
hepatomegaly

50
Q

drugs for gallstone pain

A

buprenorphine
pethidine

cannot use morphine as it constricts the sphincter of oddi and increases intra biliary pressure

51
Q

how to prevent biliary spasm

A

atropine

GTN

52
Q

examples of bile acid sequestrates/resins

A

colevelam
colestipol
colestyramine

53
Q

treating hepatic encephalopathy

A

lactulose

antibiotics

54
Q

pathways that induce vomiting

A

central- unpleasant smells memories etc

vagal- toxins stimulate vagal pathway

vestibular- vestibulocochlear nerve associated with balance and motion sickness

55
Q

substances that act on the CTZ to induce vomiting

A 
substance P
opiates
dopamine
acetylcholine
serotonin
histamine
56
Q

receptors present in the CTZ

A 
D2
5H23
opiod 
H1
M1

y1 cant remember stuff (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions