Thermodynamics

Question 1

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 1

Heat and energy are not created nor destroyed

Question 2

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 2

If the forward reaction is spontaneous, then the reverse reaction cannot also be spontaneous

Question 3

Standard Conditions

Answer 3

Pressure at 1 atm
Solid and Liquids in pure state
298 K or 25 C
Energy of Formation = 0

Question 4

Enthalpy (ΔH)

Answer 4

Change in Heat over the reaction
ΔH (-) -> Reaction is exothermic
ΔH (+) -> Reaction in endothermic
ΔH= H(products-H reaction
ΔH= bonds broken- bonds formed

Question 5

Hess Law

Answer 5

Apply whatever has been done in the reaction to the ΔH

Question 6

Heat Capacity

Answer 6

C(p)= ΔH/ΔT

Question 7

Specific Heat

Answer 7

The amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of substance 1 degree celcius
q= mcΔT

Question 8

Entropy( ΔS)

Answer 8

• Measures the randomness or disorder of the system,
  Solid> Aqueous >Liquid>Gas— Higher Entropy
  More moles—Higher Entropy

Question 9

Gibbs Free Energy

Answer 9

ΔG (-) > Reaction is spontaneous

ΔG(+) > Reaction is not spontaneous

Question 10

Gibbs Free Energy Calculation

Answer 10

ΔG=ΔH-TΔS

Question 11

Standard Free Energy Change and Normal

Answer 11

ΔG= ΔGs +RTln(Q)=ΔGs+2.303RTlog(Q)

Question 12

Standard Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constant

Answer 12

ΔG=-RTln(K)= -2.303RTlog(K)