RNA processing

Question 1

benefits of RNA processing

Answer 1

diversity, regulate gene expression and acts as quailty control

Question 2

RNA splicing Bacteria

Answer 2

no introms, tRNA, rRNA

e coli encodes 3 rRNAs and tRNAs

Question 3

RNA splicing EU

Answer 3

mRNA transcribed by RNA pol II as pre mRNA

removed by: proteins, RNPs

Question 4

splicing 2 exons

Answer 4

exon 1 from intron

exon 1 reacts with exon 2

Question 5

spliceosome

Answer 5

5 snRNPs (U1-6 no 3)

1. snRNPS bind with pre mRNA
2. rest of it binds, BBP
3. pre mRNA rearrange
4. others bind to exons and 2nd transesterfication

Question 6

alternative splicing

Answer 6

more common and constiutive region must be included

Question 7

5’ cap needed for

Answer 7

1. effeicnet elongation + termin
2. mRNA processing
3. export from nucleus
4. directing translation

Question 8

5 cap add in 3 stages

Answer 8

1. remove phos from 5 triphos end
2. guanyl transferase attaches a GMP
3. guanine T methyl transferase

Question 9

polyadenlyation sites

Answer 9

and 3’ end 200 adenosides added

1. 5 Capping
2. RNA processing
3. 3 polyadenylation

Question 10

4 stages of RNA processing

Answer 10

1. 5’ capping: elong + term
2. RNA splicing - reduces transcript
3. 3’ polyadenlation
4. RNA editing- (after trans happens)

Question 11

RNA half life

Answer 11

1. structures at 5 and 5 ends
   5’: protects against exonuclease digestion
   3’ end: step loops to protect 3-5 exo
   3’ pol A: increase stablity in EU, decrease in Bacteria

Question 12

RNA sequence steps

Answer 12

1. purify the RNA
2. reverse transcribe RNA int cDNA (Rt-PCR)
3. sequence DNA fragments

Question 13

qPCR

Answer 13

to amp target during pcr

at the normal end and gives mre realtive information