Sensation III and Operant Conditioning

Question 1

what is thorndikes law of effect

Answer 1

behaviours that are followed by a pleasing outcome want to be repeated

Question 2

what is operant conditioning?

Answer 2

learning depends on the behaviours of organism and the consequences of the behavior (classical is stimulus causes response independent of reward).

Question 3

what is reinforcement?

Answer 3

outcome that increases the strength of a response (positive add something good negative take something away)

Question 4

what is punishment

Answer 4

outcome that decreases strength of a response. (positive add a punishment, negative take away something good)

Question 5

which is better for training reinforcement or punishment??

Answer 5

reinforcement punishment is ambiguous in what you did wrong and you’re working to avoid punishment not do something good

Question 6

what are some familiar principles of operant condition from classical?

Answer 6

extinction (dont give them reward response goes down)
spontaneous recovery (re emergence of action)
generalisation/discrimination (response to similar stimuli)

Question 7

what is acquisition?

Answer 7

incrementally associating a behavior with an outcome (behavior then reward like in classical is better)

Question 8

what are the types of reinforcement?

Answer 8

continuous - every time you do something good we reward you

partial - only sometimes you do the right action you are rewarded

Question 9

What does humphreys paradox show

Answer 9

continuous reinforcement for faster learning

partial has more robust or harder to extinguish learning

because of predictability and association

Question 10

what are the types of partial reinforcement?

Answer 10

interval schedule - get reward within interval if you do action (facebook)

ratio schedule - get reward every x amount of correct actions (cafe)

Question 11

whats the difference between fixed and variable schedules?

Answer 11

fixed is the reward being provided regularly

variable is a random timing of the reward after action(slots)

Question 12

how to they response over time?

Answer 12

variable ratio steepest

fixed has a plato between

variable linear but not as steep as variable ratio

fixed interval is crescent and linear

variable more steady fixed more erratic graph

Question 13

how do you shape animal training?

Answer 13

reward on action close to desired response and then hone in on it. then chain the simple behaviours together

Question 14

why does anxiety occur? (fear)

Answer 14

we try to avoid negative stimulus by running from it. making it worse because it made us feel better

Question 15

what is superstition and irrational behavior

Answer 15

bird saw wing flap before food given started flapping in anticipation (superstition)

caused by both negative and positive reinforcement