Particle Model Of Matter. 3 Flashcards
What is the definition and equations for density?
Measure of the compactness of a substance.
D = M (kg) ÷ V (m3)
What is a dense object?
Particles are packed together closely.
What is a less dense object?
Particles are spaced out. If compressed they move closer together and become more dense.
What are three types of matter?
Solid Liquid Gas
Describe the arrangemant of particles in a solid.
Strong forces of attraction hold particles close together in a fixed arrangement. Dont have much energy so they vibrate in a fixed position. High density as the particles are packed closely together.
Describe the arrangemant of particles in a liquid.
Weaker forces of attraction between particles. Close but can move past each other. Have more energy than a solid they move in random directions at a slow speed. Less Dense than solids.
Describe the arrangemant of particles in a gas.
Almost no forces of attraction between particles. More energy than solids and liquids so they are free to move and move in random directions at high speeds. Very low density.
How to measure the density of a solid object?
Measure the mass. Calculate the volume with length x height x width For an irregular shape submerge it in a ureka can with water and measure the water diplaced. - this is the volume. Put mass / volume to find density.
How to measure the density of a liquid?
Measuring cylinder on a balance of 0. Pour 10ml in the cylinder and record mass Pour another 10ml repeat until its full and record volume and mass each time. Then find density. Take an average of your results. This gives the density of the liquid.
What is internal energy?
Total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores.
Name the 6 changed in states.
Freezing Melting Evaporating Sublimating Condensing Boiling
When an object changes state do the number of particles change?
No they are aranged differently so mass is consered none of it is lost.
What happens when you heat a system?
Transfers energy to its kinetic stores and increases the internal energy. And the bonds will break which hold them together. Solid changes and becomes a liquid.
What happens when a substance is melting and boiling?
Increase of internal energy as youre breaking intermolecular bonds.
What is Specific Latent Heat?
Amount of energy needed to change 1kg from one state to another without changing the temperature.