Upper limb anatomy (final)

Question 1

What is the name, innervation, function and test for each of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 1

Supraspinatous: subscapular n: abduction: empty can test (+ apply pressure) Infraspinatous: subscapular n: lateral rotation: external rotation (elbows at sides + against resistance) Teres minor: axillary n: lateral rotation (same as infraspinatous) Subscapularis: subscapular n: internal rotation: hand on bum + push out

Question 2

What is the main function of each of the muscles of the anterior arm? What is the nerve and arterial supply to this compartment?

Answer 2

Biceps brachii = supinator Coracobrachialis = flexion at the shoulder Brachialis = flexion at the elbow Musculocutaneous nerve Axillary artery

Question 3

What is the muscle, function and nerve supply of the posterior arm?

Answer 3

Triceps brachii, radial nerve, extension at the elbow

Question 4

What is the order of nerves from the brachial plexus (sup to inf) and what roots do they originate from?

Answer 4

Musculocutaneous (C5,6,7) Axillary ((C5,6) Median (C5-T1) Radial (C5-T1) Ulnar (C8-T1) Must always make rain underwater

Question 5

How is each nerve of the brachial plexus identified?

Answer 5

Mucsulocutaneous = top of M, pierces coracobrachialis Median = middle of M Ulnar = Bottom of M, follows brachial artery Radial = not part of M, underneath median (middle) Axillary = branch of radial, passes into space under musculocutaneous and coracobrachialis

Question 6

What is the function and nerve supply to the anterior compartment of the forearm? What is the common origin?

Answer 6

Flexion of wrist + fingers, Pronation Median nerve (carries on to carpal tunnel) Medial epicondyle = common flexor origin

Question 7

What is the function and nerve supply to the posterior compartment of the forearm? What is the common origin?

Answer 7

Extension of the wrist + fingers Radial nerve (wrist drop) Lateral epicondyle = common extensor origin

Question 8

What are all the carpal bones? (Draw + look at image)

Answer 8

Bottom row: Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrium Pisiform Top row: Trapezium (ium= thumb) Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Question 9

What is contained within the carpal tunnel?

Answer 9

Median nerve, 4x flexor digitorum superficialis tendons 4x flexor digitorum profundus tendons Flexor pollicus longus tendon

Question 10

What structures are contained within the cubital fossa?

Answer 10

Really need beer to be at my nicest: Radial nerve Biceps tendon Brachial artery Median nerve

Question 11

What is the arterial supply of the arm from proximal to distal?

Answer 11

Subclavian artery Axillary artery Brachial artery Radial and ulnar arteries Digital arteries

Question 12

What arteries do the superficial and deep palmar arches arise from?

Answer 12

Superficial = ulnar Deep = radial

Question 13

What is the superficial and deep venous drainage of the arm?

Answer 13

Superficial: Cephalic (lateral) + Basilic (medial) veins Joined via median cubital vein at elbow Deep: Radial + ulnar veins Brachial vein (follow arteries)

Question 14

Where does lymph from the upper limb drain?

Answer 14

Axillary nodes

Question 15

Draw the sensory innervation of the hand

Answer 15

Question 16

What are the dermatomes of the hand?

Answer 16

Thumb + pointer finger = C6

Middle finger = C7

Pinkie + ring = C8

Question 17

What are the large superifical muscles of the back?

Answer 17

Trapezius (traps)

Latissimus dorsi (lats)

Question 18

What muscles of the back control movement of the scapula?

Answer 18

Rhomboid major + minor (to vertebral columm)

Levator scapuale (to neck)

Question 19

What is the shoulder joint called and what forms the articular surfaces?

Answer 19

Glenohumeral joint

Humeral head and glenoid fossa