Destination Competiveness Flashcards
1
Q
Components of the competitive universe
A
- Competitiveness is a strive for superior or excellence
- Destination managers need to adapt according to a constantly evolving set of rules by redefining the nature of competition
- Factors that make a destination competitive remain constant
- Changing nature of competition requires ongoing reassessment of ability of destination to compete
2
Q
Global competition factors
A
- DOMESTIC ECONOMIC STRENGTH: Macroeconomic evaluation of the domestic economy overall
- INTERALISATION: Extent to which the country participates in international trade and investment flows
- PEOPLE: Availability and qualifications of Human Resources
- GOVERNMENT: Extent to which government policies are conclusive to competivness
- FIANANCE: Performance of capital markets and quality of financial services
- INFRASTRUCTURE: Extent to which resources and systems are adequate to serve the basic needs of business
- MAANGEMENT: Extent to which enterprises are managed in an innovation, profitable and responsive manner
- SCIENCE AND TECH: Scientific and technological capacity, together with the success of basic and applied research
3
Q
Dimensions of tourism competitiveness
A
- Economic competitiveness is important but only one dimension
- True ability of a destination to compete also includes other strengths
4
Q
Political competitiveness
A
- Ability of groups to establish a policy power base to control resources
- Individual vs.. collective wellbeing
- Indicators that define the wellbeing of a society
- GDP
- Consumer price index
- Unemployment
- Corruption
- Press freedom
- Measure of intellectual development
- Measures of priorities in public spending
- Measures of collective health
- Political strength of a destination critical to tourism competitiveness
5
Q
Social and cultural competitiveness
A
- Social and cultural characteristics are critical for creating a destination that people want to visit
- Visitation experience that is uniques and cannot be offered anywhere else
- EG. Flue music of Vanuatu
6
Q
Technological competiveness
A
- Recently entered the equation on destination competitiveness
- Increasing importance for destination competitiveness
- Exceptions included where technology is a key reason for travel
- Technology can enhance quality of experience
7
Q
Environmental competitiveness
A
- Growing in importance in practical and moral terms
- Deterioration of the natural environment can impact on ability of designation to compete especially where the environment is a major draw card
- Target markets could disagree with certain forms of tourism development in certain kinds of locations
8
Q
Resources: Destination Competitiveness
A
- HR
- Quantity/quality and cost available to tourism industry will shape a destinations competiivenss
- Skills, costs, work ethic, standard working conditions
- Physical resources
- Diversity, uniqueness, abundance, accessibility and attractiveness of scenic, ecological, recreational and other natural features such as mountains, lakes - key motivation for travel
- Knowledge resources
- Third world countries often need to import knwledge related to hotel management, engineering, regional planning and marketing
- Capital resources
- Ability to generate public.private sector partnerships for tourism infrastructure and product development
- Prominence of small businesses in tourism limits ability to raise capital
- Infrastructure resources
- Stock of created assests couples with inherited natural assets supports tourism
- Roads, water supply, sanitation, health systems, utility services and public services such as fire and police protection, libraries and airports
- Historic and cultural resources
- Rangible such as artefacts, ruins, momuments, architecture and town ships
- Intangible such as music, language, customs, and traditions life styles, values
9
Q
Building competitive advantage
A
- Destination has a tourism vision
- Shares this amount stakeholders
- Understands its strengths as well as weaknesses
- Develops and appropriate marketing strategy
- Implements marketing successfully
- More competitive than a destination that has never developed a tourism vision
- Don’t realise the economic and social potential of sustainable tourism
10
Q
Why build a competitive destination
A
- Primary emphasis of attracting tourists to spend money
- International tourism provides ad opportunity to showcase a country as a place to live, business, trade with
- Political to boost national pride
- Preserve ecological resources and culture
- Powerful incentive to protect African wildlife against the threat of poaching
- Preservation of ancient tradition
- Tourism facilities international understanding and promotes peace
11
Q
Issues to consider: destination competitiveness
A
- Competitive advantage is no longer natural
- Tourism is a volatile, sensitive and fiercely competitive industry
- Tourism is undergoing rapid and radical transformation
- The survival of tourism dependent economics is at stake
- Future development and viability of tourism dependent economics will depend not only on tourism but the entire service sector
12
Q
Key principles of designation competitiveness
A
- Poon (1993) identified 4 key principles of designation competitiveness
1. Put environment first
2. Make tourism a lead sector
3. Strengthen the distribution channels in the marketplace
4. Build a dynamic private sector - Principles have merit, but other factors are other potentially important
- Competitiveness is no guarantee of performance
- Tourism markets
- Nature of demand
- Time of demand
- Magnitude of demand
- Future demand
- Target market strategy
- The competition
- The goals
13
Q
Sustainable desintaiton competitiveness
A
- Identify the best course of action
- Formal planning process
- Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
- Maximise community and industry support
- Stakeholders to air concerns
- Mobilise effort towards a shared goal
- Clear sense of purpose and direction in plan
- Ensure efficient use of resources
- Resources are finite
14
Q
Economic Sustainability
A
- Tourism supports viable economy
- Health economy critical for health ecology
- The economic impact of tourism
- Benefit many not few
- Utilse local labour
- Provide job security
- Good wages salaries and benefits
15
Q
Sociocultural sustainability
A
- Quality of life depends on more than just economic wellbeing
- Residents find meaningful pursuit of happiness
- Strategic marketing focused on
- Place audit
- Vision and goals
- Strategy formulation
- Action plan
- Implementation and control
