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Y3 Revision Points > Transition > Flashcards

Transition Flashcards

1
Q

Which drug should never be taken with alcohol?

A

Metronidazole

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2
Q

Which antibiotic causes photosensitive reactions?

A

Doxycycline

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3
Q

Describe finding in COPD
TLC
DLC
FEV/FVC

A

TLC increased (emphysema)
DLC decreased
Ratio decreased

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4
Q

What is the value of FEV/FVC in obstructive lung disease?

A

<70%

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5
Q

Describe finding in fibrotic lung disease
TLC
DLC
FEV/FVC

A

TLC decreased
DLC decreased
Ratio normal or increased

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6
Q

What does statistical significance mean?

A

Unlikely to have happened by chance alone

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7
Q

What is an advantage of NGS over conventional sequencing?

A

Sequence a much larger number of genes

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8
Q

What is a cohort study?

A

Follow patients through over years

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9
Q

Describe physiology of respiration in pulmonary oedema

A

Decreased compliance and decreased gas diffusion

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10
Q

Why is ceftriaxone used over penicillin in acute meningitis?

A

Longer half life

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11
Q

What is genetic redundance?

A

When 2 codons code for the same amino cid

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12
Q

Describe an advantage of aCGH over karyotyping

A

Higher resolution

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13
Q

At what O2 pressure do sats drop below 90%?

A

<7.5kPa

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14
Q

What is the normal FRC in a young male?

A

2.2l

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15
Q

What is external validity?

A

Can apply results to other populations

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16
Q

What happens to pulmonary compliance in emphysema?

A

It increases

17
Q

What is a null hypothesis?

A

No relationship between study variables

18
Q

What should omeprazole not be prescribed with?

A

Clopidogrel - omeprazole stops clopidogrel working

19
Q

What should not be given with viagra/sildenafil?

A

Isosorbide mononitrate –> collapse

20
Q

What biochemical abnormality will widespread bony mets lead to?

A

Hypercalcaemia

21
Q

List common causes of hyperkalaemia

A 
Renal failure
Rhabdomyolysis
DKA, lactic acidosis
Addison's disease
Massive blood transufions
Burns
ACEi
Spironolactone
Artefactual - haemolysis, thrombocythaemia, delayed analysis, contamination with K (EDTA)
22
Q

What is the normal PR interval?

A

0.12-0.2s (5 boxes)

23
Q

What is the normal QRS interval?

A

<0.1s (3 boxes)

24
Q

How is HR calculated from an ECG?

A

300/no big boxes between QRS
OR
No beats in 30 boxes x 10

25
Q

Diagnosis of sepsis?

A

Source of infection plus NEWS >/5

26
Q

What should be done after 3 days on gentamicin if antibiotic treatment is still needed?

A

Switch to aztreonam

27
Q

What do high lymphocytes in CSF indicate?

A

Viral infection

OR partially treated bacterial meningitis

28
Q

What are koilocytes? What do they indicate?

A

Binucleate cells with perinuclear halo

Indicates a virus

29
Q

What do signet rings cells indicate?

A

Adenocarcinoma

30
Q

What is oncocytic change?

A

Increased mitochondria in cells

31
Q

Why is rest advised in EBV?

A

Splenomegaly increases risk of rupture

Y3 Revision Points (6 decks)

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