Chapter 8 - Periodic Table

Question 1

oxidation number

Answer 1

is the charge that atom would have if the compound was composed of ions

Question 2

enthalpy

Answer 2

It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume.

Question 3

S-block oxide and hydroxides are…

Answer 3

basic

Question 4

group I oxides interact with….

Answer 4

water to produce hydroxide

Question 5

group I hydroxides are

Answer 5

heat stable but highly soluble in water

Question 6

group II metal oxides and hydroxides…

Answer 6

are weak bases and not very soluble in water

Question 7

group I halides

Answer 7

white crystalline solids

group I + halogen
OR
neutralisation reaction

ionic
water soluble
aqueous solutions conduct electricity

Question 8

group II halides

Answer 8

off-white crystalline solids
mostly ionic
group II + halogen

Question 9

halogens

Answer 9

group 7 non-metals

p-block elements

Question 10

chlorine production

Answer 10

by electrolysis of sodium chloride

produces hydrogen and sodium hydroxide as by-product

by membrane cell or diaphragm cell technique

initial electrolyte is saturated brine

Question 11

groups

Answer 11

same number outer shell electrons

increasing no. electrons down a group

Question 12

periods

Answer 12

same number of shells

Question 13

general trend with s-block elemnets

Answer 13

atomic number and atomic radius increase and ionisation energy decreases

Question 14

noble gases

Answer 14

ns2np6
low melting and boiling points
helium, neon, argon don’t form compounds so are inert

Question 15

transition metals

Answer 15

d-block, period 4, ,5, 6
forms at least 1 stable ion that has partially filled d subshell
variety of different oxidation states
catalytic activity
form coloured ions
ion formation is complex

Question 16

transition metals as catalysts

Answer 16

homogeneous - interconvert readily between oxidation states

heterogeneous - solid state catalyst and gaseous phase reactants