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Biochem > Midterm 2 > Flashcards

Midterm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristic for arachidonic acid:

A

omega 6 unsat. FA, has 4 double bonds and 20 carbons.

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2
Q

The activity of which enzyme is needed to produce a cofactor for the reaction catalysed by the glutathione reductase?

A

Glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase

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3
Q

Alpha-ketoglutarate is the product of the enzymatic reaction catalysed by enzyme:

A

L-Glu dehydrogenase

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4
Q

The enzymatic reaction catalysed by the enzyme…. takes place in the cytoplasm.

A

Pyruvate kinase

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5
Q

Contains alpha-D-glucose

A

Starch

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6
Q

In the urine of a healthy cat it can be found:

A

Urea

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7
Q

which molecule can be produced in the intenstine of a healthy dog?

A

Urobilinogen

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8
Q

Decarboxylation of which amino acid results in GABA?

A

Glutamate

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9
Q

How much energy is produced in the anaerobe glycolysis of one molecule?

A

2 mol ATP

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10
Q

Which pathway/reaction takes place in the matrix of mitochondrion?

A

Beta-oxidation of palmatic acid.

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11
Q

Ketone bodies can be produced from the following molecule:

A

Acetyl-Coa

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12
Q

Propionyl-CoA carboxylase converts the propionyl-CoA to which molecule?

A

Metylmalonyl-CoA

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13
Q

Energy balance of Beta-oxidation:

A

129 ATPs net

131

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14
Q

How many ATPs = FADH2?

A

2ATP

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15
Q

How many ATPs = NADH?

A

3ATP

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16
Q

Which group does lecithine belong to?

A

Phosphoglycerides

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17
Q

Who need TPP in the citric acid cycle?

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase and A-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

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18
Q

Ketone bodies:

A

Ketone bodies are three water-soluble molecules: acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and the spontaneous breakdown product of acetoacetate, acetone.

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19
Q

What are the starting molecule of gluconeogenesis?

A

Glucose from non-CH sources; glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, lactate, propionate.

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20
Q

Anaerobic glucose energy balance :

A

Glucose: 2 ATP
Glycogen: 3ATP

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21
Q

Energy balance of GNG:

A

Glucose: - 6ATP
Glycogen: -7ATP

22
Q

What do you get by transamination of aspartate?

A

Oxaloacetate

23
Q

what enzyme do you find in the liver?

A

UDP-glucuronate transferase (???)

24
Q

what regulates the urea cycle?

A

carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

25
Q

What transports Fe2+ on the apical side of enterocytes?

A

DMT1

26
Q

Which is an uncoupling factor?

A

Lipid-soluble weak acids, dinitrophenol.

27
Q

which enzyme can be found in the mitochondrial matrix?

A

HMG-CoA lyase

citrate synthase, iso-citrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase

28
Q

what can you find in the urine of a chicken?

A

Uric acid

29
Q

What does not happen in the liver of a healthy horse?

A

Ketolysis, degradation of ketone bodies.

30
Q

Which cycle produces NADPH?

A

PPP

31
Q

Which types of energy do you find in the TCA cycle?

A

GTP, FADH2, NADH2

32
Q

Which molecule can make pyruvate?

A

Propionate

33
Q

Which of the following enzymes is the regulatory enzyme of the citrate (TCA) cycle?

A

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

34
Q

How much energy is produced in the beta-oxidation of one mol stearocyl-CoA?

A

148mol

35
Q

Which molecule can be produced by the transamination of glutamate?

A

Alpha-ketoglutarate

36
Q

Which of the following molecules is produced by the decarboxylation of 5-OH-Trp?

A

GABA (gamma-amino butyrate)

37
Q

Which of the following molecules can be found in the urine of pig under physiological conditions?

A

Allantoin

38
Q

Which of the following enzymes has a role in the synthesis of palmitic acid?

A

Acetyl transacylase

39
Q

Which of the following pathways does not happen in the liver of a healthy dog?

A

Degradation of ketone bodies (ketolysis)

40
Q

Which of the following enzymes needs NADH+H+coenzyme to its catalytic function?

A

Cytochrome P450

41
Q

Which of the following molecules is a ketone body?

A

Acetoacetate

42
Q

Substrates (startingmolecule) of glucogenesis:

A

Glycerol

43
Q

Which of the following molecules is produced by the decarboxylation of aspartate?

A

Beta-alanine

44
Q

How many mol ATP will be produced in the anaerobe glycolysis from one mol glucose?

A

2mol ATP

45
Q

How much energy is produced in the beta-oxidation of one mol palmitoyl-Coa?

A

131mol ATP

46
Q

Which of the following enzymes has a role in the synthesis(beta- reduction) of palmitic acid?

A

1st reductase (beta-ketoacyl- SACP reductase)

47
Q

Which of the following pathways results in cellular NADPH+H+ production?

A

PPP

48
Q

Substrates (starting molecules) of gluconeogenesis?

A

Propionate

49
Q

What molecules is the transporter of Fe2+ ions on the basolateral side of the enterocytes?

A

Ferroportin

50
Q

Which of the following is uncoupling factor?

A

Thermogenin

Biochem (3 decks)

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