Clinical Presentation & Management Of Arrhythmias

Question 1

What are Arrhythmia’s?

Answer 1

Problem with the rhythm of the heartbeat (irregular)

Question 2

Draw out the normal graph for Action potential, including the cellular movement of Na and Ca

Answer 2

Draw…

Question 3

Class I (membrane stabilisers) Mechanism of action?

Interactions…

Answer 3

These AAD slow the rate of raise of phase 0 of AP by inhibiting fast sodium channels

SV and ventricular arrhythmias

Question 4

Class II ( B-blockers)

Interactions?

Answer 4

Reduce the rate of spontaneous depolarisation of sinus and AV nodal tissue by indirect blockade of Ca channels

SV and ventricular arrhythmias

Question 5

Class III (K channel-blockers)

Interactions

Answer 5

Prolong the duration of the AP and increase the absolute refractory period by reduced influx of K

SV and ventricular arrhythmias

Question 6

Class IV (Ca channel-blockers)

Interactions?

Answer 6

Prolong the duration of the AP and increase the absolute refractory period by reduced influx of Ca

SV and ventricular arrhythmias

Question 7

Pro-Arrhythmic effects of AAD (1- & 3+)

Answer 7

-All AAD have the potential to precipitate serious arrhythmias, particularly Ventricular Tachycardia OR Fibrillation

\+Reducing risk factors for Arrhythmias
\+Assess risk-benefit relationship
\+Pro-Arrhythmic tank: 
   Flec > Propa > Quin > Ajm > Disop > Proca > Mexil > Lido > Sata > Amiod
   Class IC > IA > IB > III

-IA…

Question 8

Cardiac Cycle

Answer 8

1) resting…
2) P wave
3) PR segment
4) QRS complex
5) ST segment
6) T wave