Chapter 11 Bio

Question 0

Fertilization

Answer 0

Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

Scientific study of heredity

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

Specific characteristics of an individual

Question 3

Hybrids

Answer 3

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and this determines a trait; factor that is passed from parent to offspring

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

One of a number of different forms of a gene

Question 6

Principle of dominance

Answer 6

Mendel’s second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

Question 7

Segregation

Answer 7

Separation of alleles during gamete formation

Question 8

Gametes

Answer 8

Sex cell

Question 9

Probability

Answer 9

Likelihood that a particular event will occur

Question 10

Homozygous

Answer 10

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene

Question 11

Heterozygous

Answer 11

Having two different alleles for a particular gene

Question 12

Phenotype

Answer 12

Physical characteristics of an organism

Question 13

Genotype

Answer 13

Genetic makeup of an organism

Question 14

Punnett square

Answer 14

Diagram that can be used to predict that genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross

Question 15

Independent assortment

Answer 15

One of mendel’s principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

Question 16

Incomplete dominance

Answer 16

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele

Question 17

Codiminance

Answer 17

Situation in which the phenotype a produced by both alleles are completely expressed

Question 18

Multiple alleles

Answer 18

A gene that has more than two alleles

Question 19

Polygenic traits

Answer 19

Trait controlled by two or more genes