Engines - Thrust Levers

Question 1

What controls the engines in all operating regimes?

Answer 1

• FADECs (Full Authority Digital Engine Controls)

Question 2

What functions does the FADEC control?

Answer 2

• Fuel metering• Engine limits based on thrust lever angle• Start sequencing• Provides engine indications and thrust limit displays on the E/WD

Question 3

What redundancy does the FADEC have?

Answer 3

• Dual channel redundancy – one channel is active while the other is standby.

Question 4

What is the power source for the FADEC?

Answer 4

• The system has its own alternator making it independent of the aircraft electrical system when N2 is above10%• If this alternator fails the FADEC automatically switches to aircraft electrical power

Question 5

When will the FADEC abort an automatic start?

Answer 5

• Hot start• Stalled start• No ignition

Question 6

The FADEC detects a fault during automatic start. What crew intervention is required?

Answer 6

• There is no crew intervention necessary. The FADEC will discontinue the start, clear the engine, and attempt a restart (if warranted) automatically.

Question 7

The FADEC detects a fault during automatic start. What crew intervention is required?

Answer 7

• There is no crew intervention necessary. The FADEC will discontinue the start, clear the engine, and attempt a restart (if warranted) automatically.

Question 8

When does the FADEC command a higher engine idle speed?

Answer 8

• Bleed demands• Approach configuration• High engine or IDG temperatures

Question 9

How many igniters fire during a normal automatic ground start sequence?

Answer 9

• One igniter with the other serving as a backup• The FADEC automatically alternates the igniters (A and B) at each start

Question 10

How many igniters fire on manual or in-flight starts?

Answer 10

• Two, both A and B

Question 11

When does continuous ignition automatically operate?

Answer 11

• NEO Aircrafto Engine flameout detectiono Failure of the EIUo In-flight unscheduled sub idle or surgeo Master switch cycled from ON to OFF then back to ON position• Non-NEO Aircrafto All of the aboveo Engine anti ice ONo Approach idleo MAX/FLEX power selected

Question 12

What are the 5 detent positions of the thrust levers?

Answer 12

• TOGA – Take Off/Go Around• FLX / MCT – Flex/ Maximum Continuous Thrust• CL – Climb• IDLE – Idle• MAX REV – Maximum Reverse Thrust

Question 13

On the ground, how can the A/THR be armed?

Answer 13

• By setting the thrust levers in the TOGA or FLEX gate (with a FLEX temperature inserted in the MCDU)• At least one FD must be ON for A/THR to arm during takeoff

Question 14

What is the active range of the A/THR?

Answer 14

• Just above IDLE to the CL detent (2 engines)• Just above IDLE to the MCT detent (1 engine)

Question 15

What is the normal operational position of the thrust levers when A/THR is active?

Answer 15

• The CL detent

Question 16

What determines the maximum thrust the A/THR system will be able to command?

Answer 16

• The thrust lever angle

Question 17

What are three ways to disconnect the A/THR?

Answer 17

• A/THR pushbutton• Instinctive disconnect pushbuttons• Thrust levers to IDLE

Question 18

What is the preferred method of disconnecting A/THR?

Answer 18

• Set the thrust lever angle to the existing EPR and push the instinctive disconnect pushbuttons

Question 19

How would the A/THR be disconnected for the remainder of the flight?

Answer 19

• Press and hold the instinctive disconnect pushbutton for 15 seconds. The A/THR cannot be re-engaged once this is done. ALPHA FLOOR is also lost if this is done.

Question 20

What happens to thrust and what annunciates on the FMA during ALPHA FLOOR?

Answer 20

• Thrust – TOGA• FMA – “A.FLOOR”

Question 21

When does the aircraft leave ALPHA FLOOR and what does the FMA change to?

Answer 21

• Upon reaching a lower angle of attack. The FMA changes to “TOGA LK”

Question 22

Following ALPHA FLOOR, how would the crew return normal A/THR function?

Answer 22

• Press the instinctive disconnect pushbutton• Return thrust levers to CL detent• Push the A/THR pushbutton to engage A/THR

Question 23

When is ALPHA FLOOR protection active?

Answer 23

• From lift-off through 100 feet RA on approach

Question 24

When would Thrust Lock occur?

Answer 24

• Thrust levers in CL detent and A/THR pushbutton on the FCU is pushed, or• A/THR disconnects due to a failure

Question 25

How is A/THR normally armed?

Answer 25

• By advancing the thrust levers to TOGA or FLX

Question 26

What would be the normal FMA indications during a takeoff roll using FLEX thrust on a RWY with a localizer?

Answer 26

• MAN FLX, SRS, RWY, A/THR (blue)

Question 27

What would the FMA indications be during a takeoff roll using TOGA thrust on a runway without a localizer?

Answer 27

• MAN TOGA, SRS, A/THR (blue)

Question 28

What would the FMA indications be during takeoff roll if the A/THR didn’t arm on a runway with a localizer? Should the takeoff be aborted?

Answer 28

• SRS, RWY• Continuing the takeoff is a safe option, but the thrust levers must be moved to the climb detent at thrust reduction altitude and the crew must manually engage A/THR.

Question 29

How should A/THR be turned off?

Answer 29

• Match the blue thrust lever angle indicators to the present thrust setting and push the instinctive disconnect pushbuttons or move THRUST LEVERS to IDLE

Question 30

What should the pilot do to get out of TOGA LOCK?

Answer 30

• Push the instinctive disconnect pushbuttons and move the THRUST LEVERS to the CL detent

Question 31

What should the pilot do to get out of THRUST LOCK?

Answer 31

• Match the thrust lever angle with ENG output

Question 32

What is the A/THR active zone for two-engine operations?

Answer 32

• From slightly above IDLE to CL

Question 33

What is the A/THR active zone for single-engine operations?

Answer 33

• From slightly above IDLE to MCT

Question 34

What controls the engine LP fuel valves?

Answer 34

• Engine MASTER switch• ENGINE FIRE pushbutton

Question 35

What does a FAULT light on the ENG panel indicate?

Answer 35

• Automatic start abort• Switch disagreement between HP valve and its commanded position

Question 36

What is the rated thrust of each engine?

Answer 36

• A319 V2524-A5 = 23,500 lbs• A320 CEO V2527-A5 = 27,000 lbs• A321 V2533-A5 = 32,500 lbs• A320 NEO NEO PW1127G = 27,000 lbs

Question 37

What is the required engine warm up time?

Answer 37

• IAE V2500 Shutdown - 2hrs = 3 Mins• IAE V2500 Shutdown + 2hrs = 5 Mins• PW1100G Shutdown = 5 Mins

Question 38

What is the required engine cool down time after landing?

Answer 38

• IAE V2500 = 0 Mins Rev Idle• IAE V2500 = 3 Mins Greater than reverse idle• PW1100G = Minimum of 3 Mins, 5 Mins recommended

Question 39

What does the cooling indication mean on the E/WD for NEO Aircraft?

Answer 39

What does the cooling indication mean on the E/WD for NEO Aircraft?• Steady indication = Automatic dry cranking is about to begin and thetimer indicates the time left before dry crank begins.• Pulsing indication = Automatic dry cranking is in progress

Question 40

If icing conditions exist on the ground, how is the Engine Run-up procedure different for NEO and non-NEO aircraft?

Answer 40

• IAE V2500 = Accelerate to Minimum of 50% N1at intervals not more than 15 minutes apart• PW1100G = Accelerate to Minimum of 60% N1at intervals not more than 30 minutes apart

Question 41

If during start, the ground crew reports a fuel leak from the engine, what should be done by the flight crew?

Answer 41

• IAE V2500 = Run the engine for 5 minutes, if leak disappears, the flight can continue without Maintenance action• PW1100G = Abort the engine start sequence, Maintenance action is Required

Question 42

How is Approach Idle different on NEO vs non-Neo aircraft?

Answer 42

• Non-NEO Minimum Approach Idle Speed occurs when:o Aircraft is in flight and the flaps are extended• NEO Minimum Approach Idle Speed occurs when:o Aircraft is in flight and the flaps are at CONF 3 or FULL or when the landing gear is down.