Lecture 1

Question 1

life span development

Answer 1

• Hendricks, 2013

factors influencing change, bio, social, psychological, historical + geographical

Question 2

4 forms - lifespan transitions

Answer 2

Zittoun, 2006

• change in cultural context
• change of, or within, a personal sphere
• change in relationships + interactions with objects and people
• change from within a partner

Question 3

lifespan transition

Answer 3

Miller, 2010

- view lifespan transitions as stressful ‘life events’

Question 4

age + health

Answer 4

Peterson, 1996
- health psychology viewed as a static variable + took cross-sectional snapshots of health rather than videotape that capture rich dynamics of change

Question 5

Person Centred Approach 1

Answer 5

Erikson., 1958

• each stage of a persons life requires a resolution of an issue as part of ego development
• each stage has crisis/conflict with alternative possibilities - individual may move forward/backwards or stuck
• successful development: sameness + continuity between the self and outerworld
• resolved results in acquisition of ‘virtue’: ego strength or special quality

Question 6

Erikson disadvantages

Answer 6

• Peck., 1968

- latter stages are supposed to represent all psychological crises + resolutions of last 40/45 year

Question 7

PCA 2

Answer 7

Peck, 1968

• stages of psychological development in second half of life
• subdivided middle and old age into more sub-stages to attempt to characterise crises in more detail
• middle age - 4 crises
• old age - 3 crises
• characterised life more positively - time for growth

Question 8

Function centred approach

Answer 8

Bronfenbrenner., 1979
- ecological systems theory
developing individuals always interact with environment
- ecological enviro is nest of interactive structures of settings placed within each other
- microsystems, mesosystems, exosystem

Question 9

SOC model of development

Answer 9

Baltes., 1987

• life span development consists of dynamic interactions between growth and decline
• a persons internal + external resources are finite
• must devote more resources to maintain function + compensate for bio losses
• resources replenished less often + drawn upon more exhaustedly

Question 10

SOC model: continued

Answer 10

• 3 fundamental processes
  selection: selecting functional domains on which to focus one’s limited resources
  optimisation: maximising gains
  compensation: compensating for losses
• processes ensure maintenance of functioning + minimisation of loses throughout life course

Question 11

lifespan model of developmental change

Answer 11

Hendry + Kloep., 2002

• challenges across lifespan –> catalysts for change dependent on resources
• individuals differ in number + kind of challenges
• explains how + under which circumstances meeting challenges can lead to development, while avoiding challenges carries risk of developmental stagnation

Question 12

biopsychosocial framework

Answer 12

Miller, 2009
- expands our theoretical understanding of lifespan development from a purely psychological context to a model in which many factors contribute to health + wellbeing

Question 13

what makes a good life span theory

Answer 13

Hendricks., 2012
- 4 principles for evaluating perspectives
- does model recognise ties to each other?
web of social relationships
- are relevant dimensions part of framework?
influence of historical time or context
- is place or location addressed?
where we live, geo or socially affects us
- personal agency
individuals actively involves in putting meaning + shaping outcomes