Autoimmune Dx - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the most common SE of SLE?

A

Butterfly rash (xteristic red, flat facial rash over bridge of nose and cheeks)

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2
Q

What’s the most common manifestations of SLE?

A

Arthritis and cutaneous manifestations

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3
Q

What manifestations contribute largely to morbidity and mortality?

A

Renal

Hematologic

Neurologic

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4
Q

What develops in over 50% of pts with SLE?

A

Lupus nephritis

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5
Q

List primary agents ass with drug-induced lupus?

A

Procainamide

Hydralazine (alone and in BiDil)

Isoniazid

Methyldopa

Propylthiouracil

Methimazole

Terbinafine

Anti-TNF agents

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6
Q

List non-pharmacologic therapy for lupus

A

Rest

Proper exercise

Smoking cessation (if applicable)

Sunscreen or avoiding sun (photosensitivity)

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7
Q

What’s the goal of SLE therapy?

A

Suppress immune system to avoid flare and keep pt in remission

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8
Q

What’s the tx method for SLE?

A

Combo of drugs to minimize chronic exposure to corticosteroids

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9
Q

List antimalarial agents used in lupus

A

Hydroxychloroquine

Chloroquine

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10
Q

MOA of antimalarial agents

A

Impair complement-dependent antigen-antibody rxn

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11
Q

Which antimalarial is preferred (safer)?

A

Hydroxychloroquine

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12
Q

How long does it take to see maximal effect of hydroxychloroquine in SLE?

A

6 months

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13
Q

What’s hydroxychloroquine used for?

A

Mild dx; chronic (not acute) therapy

Effective for cutaneous sx and Arthralgias

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14
Q

Which corticosteroids is used as an agent in lupus?

A

Prednisone OR Methylprednisolone IV

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15
Q

Which cytotoxic agents are used in severe dx of lupus?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Azathioprine

Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept)

Cyclosporine

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16
Q

What’s the brand name of Mycophenolate mofetil?

A

CellCept

17
Q

What’s the SE of cyclophosphamide (cytotoxic agent used in severe dx of lupus)?

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

18
Q

How do u deal with Hemorrhagic cystitis that results from cyclophosphamide?

A

Mesna therapy + hydration

19
Q

Howz cyclophosphamide used in lupus?

A

For flares as induction therapy

NOT for chronic therapy…very toxic

20
Q

SE of Mycophenolate (CellCept) use?

A

Diarrhea

GI upset

Vomiting

Hypo- and hypertension?

Edema

Tachycardia

Pain

Hyperglycemia

Hypo and hyperkalemia

Hypomagnesemia; calcemia

Hypercholesterolemia

Tremor

Acne

Infections

21
Q

What’s the brand name for cyclosporine?

A

Neoral/ Sandimmune

22
Q

SE of cyclosporine (neoral/ Sandimmune)?

A

Hypertension

Nephropathy

23
Q

MOA of IgG1-lambda monoclonal antibody?

A

Prevents the survival of B lymphocytes by blocking the binding of soluble human B lymphocyte stimulator protein (BLyS) to receptors on B lymphocytes

24
Q

List agents that are IgG1-lambda monoclonal antibody

A

Belimumab (Benlysta)

25
Q

What’s the brand name of Belimumab?

A

Benlysta

26
Q

What’s the hallmark of SLE?

A

Development of auto-antibodies by B cells to cellular components that leads to chronic inflammation and tissue damage