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MCAT > organelles > Flashcards

organelles Flashcards

1
Q

contain and protect DNA; transcription; partial assembly of ribosomes

A

nucleus

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2
Q

which organelles have 2 membranes surrounding them?

A

nucleus, mitochondria

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3
Q

produce ATP via the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

A

mitochondria

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4
Q

synthesize proteins

A

ribosomes

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5
Q

location of synthesis/modification of secretory, membrane bound, and organelle proteins

A

RER

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6
Q

detoxification and glycogen breakdown in liver; steroid synthesis in gonads

A

SER

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7
Q

modification and sorting of protein, some synthesis

A

Golgi apparatus

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8
Q

contain acid hydrolyses that digest various substances

A

lysosomes

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9
Q

metabolize lipids and toxins using H2O2

A

peroxisomes

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10
Q

antibodies, neurotransmitters, and peptide hormones have signal sequence?

A

yes

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11
Q

receptors and channels have signal sequence?

A

yes and transmembrane domains

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12
Q

antibodies, neurotransmitters, and peptide hormones final destination

A

secreted

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13
Q

receptors and channels final destination

A

plasma membrane

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14
Q

acid hydrolyses final destination

A

lysosome

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15
Q

enzymes required for protein modification final destination

A

rough ER or Golgi apparatus

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16
Q

enzymes required for lipid synthesis final destination

A

smooth ER

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17
Q

glycolysis enzymes final destination

A

cytoplasm

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18
Q

histones, DNA/RNA polymerase final destination

A

nucleus

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19
Q

PDC/Krebs cycle enzymes final destination

A

mitochondria

20
Q

catalase final destination

A

peroxisome

21
Q

acid hydrolyses have signal sequence?

A

yes and targeting signal

22
Q

enzymes required for protein modification have signaling sequence

A

yes and targeting signal

23
Q

enzymes required for lipid synthesis have signaling sequence

A

yes and targeting signal

24
Q

glycolysis enzymes have signal sequence

A

no

25
Q

histones, DNA/RNA polymerase have signal sequence

A

no, just localization signal

26
Q

PDC/Krebs cycle enzymes have signal sequence

A

no, just localization signal

27
Q

catalase have signal sequence

A

no, just localization signal

28
Q

where rRNA is synthesized

A

nucleolus

29
Q

contain DNA/genetic material and transcription factors

A

nucleus

30
Q
  • materials from ER transported here to be modified
  • signal sequences direct delivery to location through vesicles
  • secreted products released via exocytosis
A

Golgi apparatus

31
Q

series of interconnected membranes continuous with nuclear envelope, double membrane folded to create structure with lumen

A

ER

32
Q

no ribosomes, lipid synthesis, detoxification of drug poison

A

smooth ER

33
Q

ribosomes permit translation of proteins destined for secretion directly into lumen, secretory proteins synthesized and folding of proteins occurs here

A

rough ER

34
Q

layers of mitochondria

A

outer, cytosol, inner mem space, inner, matrix

35
Q

inner membrane consists of

A

mol and e for ETC

36
Q

when macrophage ingests foreign material, material initially becomes trapped in a phagosome. the phagosome fuses with a (BLANK)

A

lysosome

37
Q

contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down substances from endocytosis or cell waste to prevent damage, apoptosis, contains hydrolytic cell enzymes activated by low pH

A

lysosome

38
Q

breakdown long FA with beta oxidation, synthesis of phospholipids

A

peroxisome

39
Q

actin, cytokinesis, motor proteins (myosin) move along through interaction with actin

A

microfilaments

40
Q

cytoskeleton made of

A

microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments

41
Q

hollow polymers of tubular proteins, pathways for kinesis and dynein motor proteins, cilia and flagella

A

microtubules

42
Q

keratin, cell to cell adhesion

A

intermediate filaments

43
Q

cells with lots of energy for locomotion (sperm) have

A

high conc mitochondria

44
Q

cells with secretion (pancreatic islets and endocrine)

A

high RER and Golgi

45
Q

cells like RBC have

A

no organelles

MCAT (7 decks)

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