Kingdom Plantae Flashcards
What are 4 features of mosses
Possess rhizoids for anchorage
Absence of cuticle (except in spore-producing capsule) and stomata
Absence of vascular tissue
Spores are single-called haploid reproductive structures
What is a benefit and restriction for mosses possessing rhizoids
B = can colonise bare rock surfaces so are often pioneer plants R = distribution limited to areas with water and ions close to surface since rhizoids don’t penetrate soil deeply
What is a benefit and restriction of an absence of cuticle and stomata in mosses
B = water and ions obtained directly from damp environment across cell walls of all tissues R = restricted to moist habitats
What is a benefit and restriction of an absence if vascular tissue in mosses
B = since water and ions are absorbed by all cells, specialised conduction tissue is not essential R = only a few cm in height
What is a benefit and restriction of spores being single-called haploid reproductive structures in mosses
B = dispersal of the moss - tough wall so can disperse in air without drying out R = spores germinate in moist conditions only
What are the key features of ferns and their function
- Stem is a rhizome with leaves projecting upwards
- Leaves have waterproof cuticle and stomata - transpirational water loss reduced
- Roots - absorption of water and ions
- Vascular tissue -
Xylem = conduct water and ions from roots
Phloem = distribute photosynthetic products - Leaves have numerous spore-producing bodies - huge reproductive capacity
- Spores - disperse the species - need water for germination
Greater adaption to terrestrial life than mosses
What are the main features of flowering plants (angiosperms)
Have leaves stems roots and flowers
Stems upright - leaves higher above ground
Vascular tissue - xylem vessels for efficient conduction of water and ions
Leaves have waxy cuticle and possess stomata
Seeds have tough outer coat to withstand desiccation
