respiration

Question 1

what are the 4 needs for respiration?

Answer 1

active transport
endo/exocytosis
DNA replication
cell division

Question 2

what are the 5 structural components of a mitochondrion?

Answer 2

inner 
and outer mitochondrial membranes
cristae
matrix
mitochondrial DNA.

Question 3

describe the process of glycolysis

Answer 3

phosphorylation of glucose 6C to glucose phosphate 6C (ATP-ADP+Pi)
to hexose bisphosphate (ATP-ADP+Pi)
splitting of hexose bisphosphate 6C
into two triose phosphate molecules 3C
oxidation to 2x pyruvate 3C (2NAD-2rNAD) (4ADP+4Pi-4ATP)

Question 4

describe the link reaction

Answer 4

decarboxylaton of pyruvate and the reducton of NAD to NADH (producing 2H and e-) forms Acetyl CoA

Question 5

where does glycolysis occur? Is it anaerobic or aerobic respiration?

Answer 5

cell cytoplasm

anaerobic respiration

Question 6

where does the link reaction occur?

Answer 6

mitochondrial matrix

Question 7

describe the process of the krebs cycle

Answer 7

the importance of decarboxylaton, dehydrogenaton, the reducton of NAD and FAD, and substrate level phosphorylaton

acetyl group from acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate makes citrate 6C
(lose CO2+ rNAD)
5C compound
(lose CO2+rNAD)
4C compound
(form ATP+rNAD+rFAD)-substrate level phosphorylation
oxaloacetate

Question 8

what name do we give to loss of CO2

and loss of hydrogen, forming rNAD?

Answer 8

decarboxylation

dehydrogenation

Question 9

what are the 3 coenzyme in respiraTION?

Answer 9

COENZYME A
FAD
NAD

Question 10

where does the krebs cycle take place?

Answer 10

mitochondrial matrix

Question 11

describe the process of oxidative phsophorylation?

Answer 11

rNAD from krebs releases hydrogen and electrons
electrons go through electron transport chain
producing small amount of energy to pump H+ across mem into intermem space
H+ moves thru atp synthase which converts ADP + Pi into ATP

Question 12

Describe the fate of transport chain electrons and protons

Answer 12

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor and accepts 2 electrons and 4 protons/hydrogens forming one molecule of water
2e- + 4H+ + O2 -> H2O

Question 13

List all processes that use NAD in respiration

Answer 13

glycolysis, link reaction, krebs cycle, aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Question 14

list the location of all processes involved in respiration

Answer 14

glycolysis-cell cytoplasm
link reaction - mitochondrial matrix
krebs cycle-matrix
oxidative phosphorylation - inner miochondrial membrane

Question 15

define chemiosmosis

Answer 15

flowof protons down conc rad across mem through channel associated with ATP synthase forming atp

Question 16

WHAT HAPPENS if there is no oxygen to respiration?

Answer 16

o2 cant act as final e accep[tor
es build up in etc so no energy made for movement of h+ across mem
h+ conc inc in matrix and decreses gradient
no oxidative phos
rNAD and rFAD cant unload h+ or be reoxidised
krebs + link reacction stop

Question 17

describe the process of anaerobic respiration in mammels

Answer 17

lactate fermentaion pathway
rNAD oxidised producing 2H
converts pyruvate to lactate using lactate dehydrogenase

Question 18

describe the process of anaerobic resp in yeast

Answer 18

ethanol fermentaTION pathway
pyruvate to ethanol using poyruvate decarboxylase
ethanol to ethanal using ethanol dehydrogenase andrNAD being oxidised releasing 2H

Question 19

what are the RQ values of glucose fatty acids and amino acids?

Answer 19

glucose=1 (C02 produced is same as O2 consumed hence 1)
fatty acids=0.7
amino acids=0.8

Question 20

how do u calculate RQ?

Answer 20

CO2 produed/O2 consumed