Block 1 Week 1 and 2 Practice questions

Question 1

Which of the following combinations are the units for clearance?

Answer 1

volume/time

Question 2

A patient with cirrhosis is being treated with normal doses of chlormethiazole for alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has an hepatic extraction ratio of 0.9, hepatic clearance of 100 L/h, protein binding of 64% and volume of distribution of 12 L/kg.
The much higher concentrations and greater effect of chlormethiazole in people with cirrhosis is mostly due to:

Answer 2

increased bioavailability

Question 3

Which of the following veins are superficial for most of their course ?

Answer 3

saphenous

Question 4

On electron microscopy the ultra-structural appearance of the mammalian plasma membrane has which of the following characteristics?

Answer 4

Trilaminar

Question 5

What is the main cell type in loose connective tissue?

Answer 5

Fibroblasts

Question 6

Which of the following terms describes a cell or structure that can be found on both sides of the body?

Answer 6

Bilateral

Question 7

Which of the following joints includes the articulation of two bones only?

Answer 7

Hip joint

Question 8

Which of the following terms is used to describe an alteration in the size, shape and organisation of the cellular components of a tissue in response to an environmental stimulus?

Answer 8

Dysplasia

Question 9

For most drugs, which of the following is elimination half life proportional to?

Answer 9

volume/clearance

Question 10

In the process of reverse transcription, what do retroviral enzymes convert?

Answer 10

RNA to DNA

Question 11

Which one of the following is true of thermoregulation?

Answer 11

Sleep state affects the thermoregulatory system

Question 12

Which of the following statements is most correct with regard to extracellular fluid?

Answer 12

Decreased extracellular fluid volume results in concentrated urine

Question 13

What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity?

Answer 13

Stratified, squamous epithelium

Question 14

Regarding thermoregulation, which of the following statements is correct?

Answer 14

The efferent response is via neuronal and hormonal mechanisms

Question 15

Thermoregulation is a key homeostatic mechanism.

Which one of the following statements about thermoregulation is true?

Answer 15

The fever associated with infection is due to circulating interleukin 1

Question 16

One of the audience asks why alcohol consumption makes you urinate more – someone said something about some hormone called ADH…? You explain that alcohol suppresses the release of ADH and that means which of the following?

Answer 16

There are less water channels in the membrane of the kidney tubules resulting in fluid loss

Question 17

You are giving a Friday night talk to the your local athletics club on fluid balance during exercise. You explain that the reason Gatorade, which has salt and sugar, can help with rehydration is because of which of the following?

Answer 17

glucose is co-transported with Na+ and water follows the osmotic gradient

Question 18

Which one of the following statements concerning cell death is correct?

Answer 18

Apoptosis involves activation of an endonuclease

Question 19

Which of the following possible causative organisms in meningitis is intracellular?

Answer 19

Toxoplasma gondii