Nephrotic syndrome II Flashcards
What is the site of injury in MCD and FSGS?
Visceral epithelial (Podocyte)
What is the primary cause of MCD?
Idiopathic.
What kinds of casts can be found in both FSGS and MCD?
Hyaline and Oval fat bodies
What percentage of FSGS patients develop end-stage renal disease?
50%
On what chromosome is APOL1?
Chromosome 22
What makes up the Hyalinosis of the glomeruli in FSGS?
Leaked plasma proteins and lipids
What substance is elevated in Patients with idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy?
PLA2
What are the complement findings in post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
C3 Low, C4 Normal (alternate pathway activation
What does post-infectious glomerulonephritis usually follow?
Upper respiratory tract infection usually 1-3 weeks after initial infection.
How do patients usually present with post-infectious glomerulonephritis?\
- Gross hematuria (tea/cola colored)
- Hypertension
- Edema
- Pulmonary/GI symptoms
- Ascites
What would be the light microscopy findings in post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
Proliferation, inflammation
What would be the electron microscopy findings in post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
Subepithelial Humps (immune complexes)
What Bacteria are USUALLY responsible for the infection prior to post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
What are the laboratory findings in post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
- Hypocomplementemia (Low C3)
- Low Cryoglobulinemia
- Anti-streptolysin O titers elevated (throat)
- Anti-DNAase/Hyaluronidase elevated (skin)
What are the treatments for post-infectious glomerulonephritis?
- Treat the underlying infection
2. Treat Hypertension with Loop diuretics
