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7th Grade Final Exams > 7th grade history final exam > Flashcards

7th grade history final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Article of Confederation

A

Outline the first form of government for the United States

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2
Q

Bill of Rights

A

Guarateed the rights of citizens in the first ten amndments to the Constitution

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3
Q

Constitution

A

Replaced the Articles of Confereation as the nw form of government for the United States

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4
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785

A

Provided for the division and sale of the Northwest Territory

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5
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Outlined the steps for a territory to become a state

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6
Q

Federalist Papers

A

Attempted to persuade people to support the ratification of the Constitution

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7
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Oldest member of the constitutional convention at age 82

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8
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Delegate from New York who favord a strong cental governement

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9
Q

James Madison

A

Delegate from Virigia who kep a detailed journal of the constitutional convention

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10
Q

Daniel Shays

A

War veteran who led a rebellion in Massachusetts

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11
Q

Roger Sherman

A

Delegate from Conneticut who proposed the Great Compromise

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12
Q

The primary functoin of what branch is to create laws?

A

legislative

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13
Q

What plan proposed a bicameral legislation based on states population

A

Virginia

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14
Q

What plan proposed unicameral with each state having one vote?

A

New Jersey

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15
Q

What are the 3 branches of the federal government?

A

executive legislative and judicial

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16
Q

What branch’s primary function is to enforce the laws?

A

Executive

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17
Q

What branh’s primary functoin is to interpret the laws?

A

Judicial

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18
Q

Which terms means to give federal approval?

A

Ratification

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19
Q

How many inhabitants were required for a territory to apply to be a state?

A

60,000

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20
Q

What is the purpose of the Electoral Colldge?

A

Elect the president

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21
Q

Who is remembered as the Father of the Constituion?

A

James Madison

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22
Q

Who served as chairman of the constituional convention?

A

George Washington

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23
Q

What type of government did the constitutional convention create?

A

Republic

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24
Q

What is a census?

A

A population count

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25
Q

True or False: Separaration of powes means the government is divided into multiple branches

A

TRUE

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26
Q

T or F: James Madison propose the great compromise

A

FALSE

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27
Q

T or F: Congress does not have the power to regulate commerce

A

FALSE

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28
Q

T or F: checks and balances means each branch of governmetn controls the others

A

FALSE

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29
Q

Who was the first Secretary of the Treasury?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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30
Q

Who was the First attorney general?

A

Edmund Randolph

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31
Q

Who was the second president who appointed many federal judges at the end of his term?

A

John Adams

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32
Q

Who was the first president?

A

George Washington

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33
Q

What French citizen tried to gain American Support for France?

A

Edmond-Charles Genet

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34
Q

Who was the first secretary of War?

A

Henry Knox

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35
Q

Who was the first chief Justice of the Supreme Court, who negotiated a treaty with Britain?

A

John Jay

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36
Q

Who was the first secretary of state and third president of the US?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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37
Q

Who was the vice president under Jeffoerson who tied for the most elecctoral votes in 1800?

A

Aaron Burr

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38
Q

Who was the chief justice of the Supreme Court appointed by Adams?

A

John Marshall

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39
Q

What is the formal cermeony beginning a president’s term?

A

Inaugration

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40
Q

What renbellion was led by West Pennslyvania famrser upsset over an excise tax?

A

Whiskey Rebellion

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41
Q

What was Hamiltons’ plan for the US

A

Estbalish a national bank, repay money borrowed during the war and levy tarriffs and excise taxes

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42
Q

What Proclamation did Washington issue to stay out of the French Revolution?

A

Proclamation of Neutrality

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43
Q

What was impressment?

A

Forcing captured American sailors to serve on British naval ships

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44
Q

The United states almost went to war with what coutnry because of the XYZ affair?

A

France

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45
Q

What did Washington caution the nation about in his Farewell Address?

A

Debt, political alliances with other nations and internal factions

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46
Q

What Act declared that any person who said, wrote or published aything false againt the government could be fined or punished?

A

Sedition Act

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47
Q

What act extended the time an immigrant had to live in American before he could become a citizen to 14 years?

A

Naturalization Act

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48
Q

What is nullification?

A

States’s act of declaring a federal law as void and invalid

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49
Q

T or F: Washington chose to step down from the presidency after serving three terms?

A

False, it was 2 terms

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50
Q

T or F: One purpose of the alien and sedition acts was to keep the Federalists in power?

A

TRUE

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51
Q

T or F: The Alien Enemies Act and the Aliens Act allowed the president to imprison any dangerous foreigners?

A

TRUE

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52
Q

T or F: Replublicans aregued th Seditoin Act was a violation of their first amendment rights?

A

TRUE

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53
Q

T or F: If the electoral vote is tied in a presidential election, the Supreme Court decides the outcome?

A

FALSE, it goes to the House of Reprsenatives

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54
Q

T or F: Democartic-Republicans tended to distruct the udicial branch because it members were not elected and could serve for life?

A

TRUE

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55
Q

Who led two western expeditions who signed a Rocky Mountain peak that now bears his name?

A

Zebulon Pike

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56
Q

Who was president during the war of 1812?

A

James Madison

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57
Q

Who was a Shwnee Indian Chief who was defeated at the Battle of Tippecanoe?

A

Tecumseh

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58
Q

Who was leader of the War Hawks, a congressman from Kentucky?

A

Henry Clay

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59
Q

Who was a Shoshone Indian who served as guide and interpreter?

A

Sacagawea

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60
Q

Who was author of the Star Spangled Banner?

A

Francis Scot Key

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61
Q

Who was the 5th president of the United States?

A

James Monroe

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62
Q

Who was leader of the expedition through the Louisiana Territory?

A

Meriwether Lewis

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63
Q

Who was a general who won the Battle of New Orleans?

A

Andrew Jackson

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64
Q

Who was co-leader of the Louisina Expedition

A

William Clark

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65
Q

What is an embargo?

A

An end to all exports

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66
Q

What actions were taken by Jerffson and Congress toward Federalist policies?

A

Repeal the Naturalizatoin act, pardon those convicted under the Sedition Act and replace Federalists who enforced the Sedition act.

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67
Q

who was the Governer of the Indiana Territory who as alarmed by the infuence of Tecumseh and defated him in battle.

A

William Henry Harrison

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68
Q

Who was given the task of taking control of Lake Erie?

A

Oliver Hazard Perry

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69
Q

What was the biggest American Victory in the war of 1812 and was fougth after the war ended?

A

New Orleans

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70
Q

What treaty ended the conflict with Spain over Florida?

A

Adams-Onis

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71
Q

What was the name of the compromise proposed by Henry Clay to preserve the balance between slave and free states?

A

Missouri Compromise

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72
Q

What was the Hartford Convention?

A

A meeting of a group of Federalists to discuss opposition to the War of 182 and possible withdrawal from the United States

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73
Q

T or F: When the Barbary states increased their tribute charges, Jefferson agreed to make thieh higher payments

A

FALSE

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74
Q

T or F: The USS Constitution earned the nickname Old Ironside

A

TRUE

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75
Q

T or F: Jefferson ordered the Lewis and Clark expeditioin to study zoology, botnay and geology on Lousian and gather information on Native Americans

A

TRUE

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76
Q

T or F; Jefferson’s embargo on trade with Britain hurt American Farmers more than it hurt Britain

A

TRUE

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77
Q

T or F: The British Failed in their attempt to enter Washington DC

A

FALSE

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78
Q

T or F: The White House and Capitol were set on first by the British

A

TRUE

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79
Q

T or F: One cause of the panic of 1819 was a drop in prices due to increased production of crops and manufactured goods

A

TRUE

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80
Q

What South Carolina sentaor debated in favor of nullification?

A

Robert Y Hayne

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81
Q

What Massachusetts senator debated against nullfication?

A

Daniel Wbster

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82
Q

Who was Presiden to of the Bank of the US in 1832?

A

Nicholas Biddle

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83
Q

Who was vice president under Jackson, a defender of states rights?

A

John C Calhoun

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84
Q

Who was the hand picked successor to Jackson for democratic candidate in 1836?

A

Martin Van Buren

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85
Q

Who was the Democratic president who supported the spoils system and who opposed the National bank?

A

Andrew Jackson

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86
Q

What president died one month into his term?

A

William Henry Harrison

87
Q

What president took over office when the previous presient died in office and who also annexed Texas?

A

John Tyler

88
Q

What president was elected in 1824 and accused of making a corrupt bargain?

A

John Quincy Adamas

89
Q

What is a caucus?

A

A closed meeting of member of a political party in Congress to choose their party leaders

90
Q

The president in 1824 was elected by what?

A

Electoral college

91
Q

What is the spoils system?

A

A practice in which political leaders reward their supporters by giving them government jobs.

92
Q

What Indian tribe developed a writen language and constitution and was moved west in the Trail of tears?

A

Cherokee

93
Q

What indian leader of the Sauk and Fox tribes lost most of his men in the Battle of Bad Axe?

A

Black Hawk

94
Q

What state voted to nulliffy the Tarriff of 1832?

A

South Carolina

95
Q

What political party was formed in the 1830s in opposition to Jackson?

A

Whig Party

96
Q

“Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” was a campaign slogan in the 1840 presidential election used by who?

A

William Henry Harrison

97
Q

What Treaty settled the boundary of Maine and Canada?

A

Webster Asburton Treaty

98
Q

What was the significane of the Supreme Court decision in Worcester v Georgia?

A

It said the states had no control over Native American tribes, that they are independent nation controlled only by the federal governemtn. Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the ruling.

99
Q

T or F: John Quincy Adams opposed the use of government funds for bulding roads, canals, lighthouses and a national university.

A

False - he supported the use of money for those purposes

100
Q

T or F: Andrew Jackson disliked the common man and did not trust popular opinion.

A

False - he said he was defender of the common man

101
Q

T or F: Jackson believed the psols system would create loyal and caring government workers and would give more people an opportunity to see how government functioned

A

TRUE

102
Q

T or F: Sequoyah develped a written language for the Seminoles

A

False - he developed it for the Cherokee people

103
Q

T or F: Many Christian missionaries supported the Cherokees refusal to give up their land in Georgia

A

TRUE

104
Q

What road allowed Settlers to travel to the south?

A

The Great Wagon Road

105
Q

What road was cut by Daniel Boone?

A

Wilderness Road

106
Q

What is a canal?

A

S shallow man made water highway

107
Q

What is the Pony express?

A

A mail delivery system using men on horses

108
Q

What is a turnpike?

A

A road that travellers had to pay a fee to use

109
Q

What was the National Road?

A

a fderally funded road that began in Maryland

110
Q

Who was John Deere?

A

Developed a plow with a steel blade

111
Q

Who was Cyrus McCormick?

A

Developed a reaper for cutting and harvesting grain

112
Q

Who was Samuel F. B. Morse?

A

Invented the telegraph

113
Q

Who was Robert Fulton?

A

Built the first steamship - the Clermont

114
Q

Who was Isaac Singer?

A

Developed a sewing machine with a foot pedal

115
Q

Who as Eli Whitney?

A

Developed the cotton gin for harvesting cotton, and also the use of interchangeable parts

116
Q

What led to the end of the Pony Express?

A

The telegraph

117
Q

How were the benefits of steamboat travel?

A

Easier to transport goods, rivers and fronteir settlements grew, trade between east and west was more profitable

118
Q

How did Britain keep its industrial advantage?

A

Prohibited export of machinery to America

119
Q

What impact did the cotton gin have?

A

made cotton production more profitable, increased demand for slaves, caused cotton production to grow rapidly

120
Q

What did Horace Mann do?

A

Tried to improvie schools and public education

121
Q

Who was Samuel Slater?

A

He came to American and built factory machiens; the father of the American Industrial Revolutoin

122
Q

Who was Charles Finney?

A

A prominent evanglist who reached large crowsds by adapthing his techniquest ot he cities he visited

123
Q

What issued di the Senca falls Conventior focs on?

A

Women’s Rights

124
Q

Whas did workers organize to addres pay & working conditions?

A

Labor Unions

125
Q

What country did Matthew Perry open for trade with the United States?

A

Japan

126
Q

What did abolitonists want to get rid of?

A

Slavery

127
Q

What are locks?

A

Compartmnents on water ways that can be opend and shut

128
Q

Construction of what canal in New York began a period of canal building?

A

Erie Cnaal

129
Q

T or F: More than two-thirds of the total railrod track mileage in the US was in the south?

A

FALSE - most was in the North and Midwest

130
Q

T or F: New inventions in farm machinery led to a rapid increase in farm production

A

TRUE

131
Q

T or F: As a result of the Second Great Awakening, many people were truly converted to Christianity.

A

TRUE

132
Q

T or F: A major reason for the large number of Irish immigrants to America was a potato famine in Ireland.

A

TRUE

133
Q

T or F: Irish Immigrants were often looked down upon because they were primarily Roman Catholic and were willing to take the worst jobs

A

TRUE

134
Q

T or F: Most souther families owned slaves

A

False - only a minority of souther families owned salves

135
Q

T or F: Christianity in many New England churces was replaced with Unitarianism which denies the doctrine of the Trinity

A

TRUE

136
Q

Who was Stephen Austin?

A

Leader of a 300 family settlement in Texas

137
Q

Who was Davy Crockett?

A

well known frontiersman who died at the Alamo

138
Q

Who Was John C. Fremont?

A

The “Pathfinder” who took control of California in 1846

139
Q

Who was Sam Houston?

A

Commander of Texas roces fighting Mexico and the first president of the Republic of Texas

140
Q

Who Was Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna?

A

President of Mexico who discarded the Mexican constitution and made himself dictator

141
Q

Who was Winfield Scott?

A

leader of the campaign to take Mexico City; was known as Old Fuss and Feathers

142
Q

Who was Joseph Smith?

A

Founder of the Mormon religion

143
Q

Who was Zachary Taylor?

A

Hero of the Mexican War; elected president in 1848

144
Q

Who was William Travis?

A

Commander of the Texan troops at the Alamo

145
Q

Who was Marcus Wihtman?

A

Missionary who worked in Orgegon with his wife

146
Q

Who was Brigham Young?

A

Leader of the Mormons to Utah

147
Q

What happened after Texas was independent?

A

It declared itself a new nation, the Republic of Texas and applied for admission to the United States.

148
Q

What was the Oregon Trail?

A

The first Route west of the Missouri River. It lured fur trappers and traders and became the most improtant trail for those going wet

149
Q

What was the Mormon Trail?

A

The trail going to the Gret Salt Lake

150
Q

What was the Compromise of 1850?

A

Allowed California into the US as a free state, it introduced a stricter fugitive law, allowed popular control in Utah and New Mexico without any rules for or against slavery

151
Q

T or F: Even though Mexcio aboshed slavery in Texax, many Americans brought Slaves into Texas

A

TRUE

152
Q

T or F: Remember Dave Crockett became a rallying cry of the Texas Forces in their was with Mexico.

A

FALSE - it was Remember the Alamo

153
Q

T or F: President Polk campaigned for the boundary of Oregon to be the 54 40 line of latitude

A

TRUE

154
Q

T or F: The British and Americans agree to the forty-night parallel as the boundary of Oregon

A

TRUE

155
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

A

Rio Grande was the boundary between Texas and Mexico and the US paid Mexico $15 Million, and Mexico gave land to the US including much of what is now the Southwest US

156
Q

What caused the Mexican War?

A

The US and Mexico disputed what river separated Texas from Mexico, President Polk orderd troops to going into the disputed area and Mexico saw that as an invasion of Mexio

157
Q

Who was John Brown?

A

Abolitionist leader fo the raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia

158
Q

Who was Jefferson Davis?

A

President of the Confederate States of America

159
Q

Who was Stephen Douglas?

A

Illionis Senator who debated Lincoln and proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act

160
Q

Who was Frederick Douglass?

A

Runaway slave hwo stated an abolitionist newspaper

161
Q

Who was Abraham Lincoln?

A

Republican president elected in 1860

162
Q

Who was Dred Scott?

A

Former slave whose case went to the Supreme Court

163
Q

Who was Harrieet Beecher Stowe?

A

Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

164
Q

Who was Harriet Tubman?

A

Runaway slave hwo helped other slaves escape on the Underground Railroad

165
Q

Who joined together to form the Republican party in 1854?

A

Conscience Whigs, Northern Democrats and the Free Soil Party

166
Q

What was the south like before the war?

A

It had few large cities and was primarily agricultural. Most southerners did NOT have slaves

167
Q

What was the north like before the war?

A

It had most of the factories; most immigrants settled in the North and west

168
Q

What did the Dred Scott decision decide?

A

Dred Scott was not free. Blacks were not citizens; they had no rights; ahd moving to a free state did not make a slave free

169
Q

What was Lincoln’s view of slavery in the 1860 election?

A

He believed the Declaration of Independence appliesd to blacks, he opposed slavery in new territories. At that time he did not call for immediate freedom of all slaves

170
Q

Why did the confederates fire on Fort Sumter?

A

Lincoln was sending supplies to the fort

171
Q

What were the slave states called that remained in the Union?

A

Border states

172
Q

What were the advantages of the north?

A

More populatoin, more industry, and adding more immigrant population

173
Q

What were the advantages of the south?

A

Only had to fight a defensive war, they would fight intensely, had many good and experienced commanders

174
Q

How were slaves treated?

A

No legal rights, marriages not recognized, children of slaves belongd to the master

175
Q

What is Fort Sumter?

A

Fort in Charleston Harbor where the first shots of the Civil War were fired

176
Q

What were the Confederate States?

A

The Confederate States of America seceded from the Union in February 1861

177
Q

Overseer

A

The person the master hired to distribute work amont the slaves and make sure they did th ework

178
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

A famous book written about the plight of slaves families and runaways

179
Q

Spirituals

A

Songs slaves wrote about their condition

180
Q

What northern newspaper publishers called for end to slavery?

A

William Lloyd Garrison and Horace Greeley

181
Q

What was the task system?

A

Slaves worked on a specific job unitl I twas complete and then used remainder of day working for themselves

182
Q

What was the Gang system?

A

Slaves worked in large grops for a set amount of tim eeach day

183
Q

Who was Charles Sumner?

A

Massachusetts Senator who verbally attacked pro slavery colleagues and was beaten with a cane in the Senate Chamber

184
Q

T or F: Many Southerners objected to federal taxes being used to fund internal improvements such as roads and canals as those usually benefited the North

A

TRUE

185
Q

T or F: The Undergound Railroad was a trian that ran underground from South Carolina to Ohio

A

FALSE

186
Q

T or F: Under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, those convicted of helping a fugivitve slave were subject to a fine and imprisonment.

A

TRUE

187
Q

T or F: In his “House Divided” speech, Lincoln xpressed that he did not believe the Union could last as half slave and ahfl free, it must become all one or the other.

A

TRUE

188
Q

T or F: President Buchanan did not believe the government had the right to prevent states from seceding.

A

TRUE

189
Q

T or F: Lincoln believed that states had the right to secede if they disagreed with federal laws.

A

FALSE

190
Q

T or F: Lincoln pledged to fight to maintain control of the federal forts located in states that had seceded.

A

TRUE

191
Q

T or F: Alexander Stephens was elected presdient of the confederacy.

A

FALSE - Jefferson Davis was president of the confederate states

192
Q

T or F: Lincoln was worred that if Kentucky seceded, Washington DC would be in trouble.

A

FALSE

193
Q

What is Amnesty?

A

a general pardon for a large group of people

194
Q

What did the 13th Amendment do?

A

Abolished slavery

195
Q

What did the 14th Amendment do?

A

Granted equal citizenship to blacks; guarantted equal protection

196
Q

What did the 15th Amendment do?

A

Said states could not deny the right to vote based on race

197
Q

Who are freed men?

A

Former slaves

198
Q

Why was the Grant presidency often viewed negatively?

A

Because many scandals took place when he was president

199
Q

What happened at the end of Reconstruction?

A

Amesty Act pardoned most former Confederate leaders, Northerners became more concerned on economy and less concernd about African americans, federal troops left the south and there was little protectoin left.

200
Q

What was sharecropping?

A

People who farmed small plots of land for the land owner, paid the owner a portion of crops they grew, usually made no money and resulted in poverty for the sharecropper

201
Q

Who are redeemers?

A

Southerners who wanted to take back contorl of their states from Republicans

202
Q

What was Reconstruction?

A

Period after civil war until 1877 when federal government tried to rebuild and reform the south

203
Q

Black Codes

A

Very restrictive law in the south that African Americans in an inferior psotion

204
Q

Freedmens’ Bureau

A

An agency established to assist former slaves

205
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Name given from thenose from the North who moved to the South during reconstruction

206
Q

Mil Towns

A

Towns built by factory owners for their workers

207
Q

Scalawag

A

Name given to white southerner who suppored Reconstruction

208
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

A secret organiation formed by former Confederate soliders determined to keep blacks under white control

209
Q

Impeachment

A

House of Representatives power to bring charges against the Presidents

210
Q

T or F: President Johnson’s most signicant foregin policy achivement was the purchase of Alaska

A

TRUE

211
Q

T or F: Poll taxes and literacy tests wer used to deny black the right to vote

A

TRUE

212
Q

T or F: The South was called the “Solid South” because for one hundre years after reconstruction it voted solidly for Republican candidates

A

FALSE - the South voted for Democrats

213
Q

T or F: Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction was called the Wade-Davis Bill

A

FALSE - it was called the Ten Percent Plan

7th Grade Final Exams (2 decks)

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