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world history > 8-14 > Flashcards

8-14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Sui dynasty

A

The first dynasty after the Han. Had a blend of Confucianism and Legalism. Failed to conquer Korea and had many rebellions that lead to its fall

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2
Q

Tang Dynasty

A

Followed the Sui dynasty. Rejected Legalism and accepted bureaucracy that came with Confucian and daoism. Much influence from Central Asia. Part of the “golden age”

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3
Q

Song Dynasty economic revolution

A

Began with a strain of rice that was more durable. Population increased and China was connected and developed new tech.

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4
Q

Hagzhou

A

Capital city of the Song Dynasty. Urban, many establishments and a large population.

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5
Q

Foot binding

A

Breaking a woman’s foot and shaping it to look somewhat like a high heel. (Damn)👡 clearly signified patriarchy because now a woman could hardly move.

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6
Q

Tribute system

A

A way for foreigners to show respect and submission to the Chinese empires to gain assistance or gifts.

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7
Q

Xiongnu

A

Civilization of nomads who terrorized the Chinese (called Barbarians) they built the Great Wall to keep them out

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8
Q

Khitan/Jurchen people

A

Steppe nomads who put china back together where the Han and tang couldn’t

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9
Q

Silla Dynasty

A

Korean Dynasty 7th century. Rallied against Chinese control

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10
Q

Hangul

A

Korean language/dialect (14 consonants and 10 vowels)

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11
Q

Chu Nom

A

Variation of Chinese script used in Vietnam know as the souther script

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12
Q

Trung Sisters

A

39 ce. Lead many rebellions in Vietnam against the Chinese. Were killed, but remained symbols of female rights and Vietnamese rights

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13
Q

Shotoku Taishi

A

573-621. Ruled Japan. Helped unite Japan and borrowed heavily from China.(sent monks to study their culture)

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14
Q

Bushido

A

The samurai code in Japan ⚔️

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15
Q

Chinese Buddhism

A

(One of China’s only borrowings) combined Indian Buddhism with Confucian and daoism values

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16
Q

Emperor Wendi

A

Founder of the Sui Dynasty. Unified China and promoted Buddhism

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17
Q

Byzantine empire

A

Eastern part of the Roman Empire. 4-15 cent. Urban center in modern day Turkey. Fell to the Ottomans

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18
Q

Constantinople

A

Capitol of Byzantine, and hub of commerce. Became Istanbul

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19
Q

Justinian

A

6th cent. Emperor. Reclaimed old roman territory and made a new legal system

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20
Q

Ceasaropapism

A

Instead of solely controlling government affairs, a political ruler would control virtually every aspect of his/her country

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21
Q

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

A

Branch of Christianity that was developed in the Byzantine. Rooted in the non recognition of the pope and took root in medieval Europe

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22
Q

Icons

A

Religious symbols/objects used by Eastern Orthodox to aid in studies and prayer

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23
Q

Kivan Rus

A

A monarchy in 6-7th cent Russia that held loose alliances and held regional leaders. Influenced by the Byzantine

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24
Q

Prince Vladimir of Kiev

A

Prince of Russia. Chose Orthodox as the religion of Russia, which added cultural ties to the Byzantine

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25
Charlemagne
Ruler of the Franks in the 8-9th cent. Conquered much of Europe and was named Holy Roman Emperor by the pope. Started a huge intellectual revival (Carolingian Empire)
26
Holy Roman Empire
A federation of German states that were ruled by Charlemagne. A continuation of the Roman Empire
27
Roman Catholic Church
The branch of Christianity headed by the pope and lost some power during the Protestant reformation
28
Western Christendom
Formed in the split of Protestant and catholic. Contested the beliefs of the church as a whole
29
Crusades
European expedition to reclaim the holy land aided by the Byzantine, it fought the Islamic people for control (multiple crusades)
30
European cities
Cities in Europe created during the medieval period maintaining some of its old characteristics
31
Systems of competing states
The organization of Western Europe after the fall of the west Roman Empire. Marked by individual states that competed militarily and economically
32
Aristotle and Classical Greek learning
Revived works of Aristotle and many other Greek philosophers during the midieval period and were once again taugh, thus bringing back Greek rationalism which shaped Europe
33
Pastoralism
Nomadic style of life, moving seasonally or to follow animals
34
Modun
Leader of the xiongu confederacy. Full of charisma and formed the xiongu. Forced china to pay tribute as respect
35
Turks
Originated from the north, pastoral society that transmitted Islam. Held together by loose alliances and shared a common idea on expansion
36
Khubilai Khan
Grandson of Genghis Khanand founder of the Yuan dynasty. Good emperor, moved the country along, advocate of Buddhism
37
Hulegu
Grandson of Genghis Khan. Ruler of the il- Khanate. Responsible for the destruction of Baghdad
38
Kipchak Khanate/ Golden Horde
The mongol occupiers of Russia. Raided only the areas close to them, and left the princes alone. Became rich off plunder
39
Black Death 💀
A vicious plague starting in china I 1331. By 1347, it had spread across Eurasia through the silk roads, killing 1/4 of the people
40
Masai
Pastoral culture based in glass lands of Kenya and Tanzania. Really possesive over cattle
41
Temujin/Chinggis Khan
Born in 1167, was a Mongolian ruler who lead the mongol revolution and united all mongol people
42
The Mongol World War
23 years, Jin dynasty fell, mongols conquered all of northern china
43
Yuan Dynasty
Ruled by khubilai Khan, mongols replaced the Song Dynasty
44
Paleolithic persistence
Paleolithic societies persist despite agricultural advances.(Australia, Siberia, artic coast)
45
Benin
a French-speaking West African nation, is a birthplace of the vodun (or “voodoo”) religion and home to the former Dahomey Kingdom from circa 1600–1900.
46
Igbo
A stateless society that rejected the notion of kingships and state building.
47
Iroquois
A powerful, logical, and important society of Native Americans. Even had a constitution, stating equality, liberty, and freedom
48
Timur
was a Turco-Mongol conqueror and the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia. He was also the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty. Fan of Genghis Khan and declaimed them to be related
49
Fulbe
Largest pastoral society of Western Africa. Assisted in the spread of Islam across Africa.
50
Ming Dynasty china
Followed the Yuan Dynasty, revived Confucianism and tried to cleanse itself of Mongolian rule
51
Zheng He
was a Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China's early Ming dynasty.
52
European Renaissance
Revival of learning and the arts in Europe. Similar to the revival of Confucianism in China. Commonly known for its influence on Italian states.
53
Ottoman Empire
One of the 4 gunpowder empires. A land based empire by the Turks that conquered Constantinople, but slowly declined after a failed attempt to capture Vienna. Around for 800 years
54
Seizure of Constantinople
1453, Mehmet the second (lmao) lead the siege and effectively ended the Byzantine Empire and gave the Ottomans more control
55
Safavid Empire
Another gunpowder empire. Founded by Safi Al-Din, it had a Turkic presence and existed for considerable less time that all of the other gunpowder empires.
56
Songhay Empire
Main West African trade connection. Adopted Islam among the elites and had Timbuktu at its center of learning. Founded by Sunni Ali
57
Timbuktu
A city in the songhay empire. Center of Islamic learning and knowledge
58
Mughal Empire
Third gunpowder empire that extended into India. Founded by Babur and was Islamic, but had a mainly Hinduisic population
59
Malacca
Major port city connecting merchants traveling east on the Indian Ocean Trading Network to China
60
Aztec Empire
Began as a part of the "Triple alliance" with neighboring tribes. It had lots of gold and worshippers. It had many rival states (hence the alliances) and was one of the first contacted by explorers
61
Inca Empire
largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas used methods including conquest and peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion of western South America.
62
The Great Dying (lmao who calls it that)
The massive epidemic caused by Old World diseases (smallpox, etc) that killed 90% of native Americans after the Colombian exchange
63
Mulattos
The Latin American name and class rank for a European/ African Mixed race person
64
Plantation complex
Agricultural systems based on slavery. Used in Brazil, Caribbean, and the southern colonies of North America.
65
Settler colonies
Colonies where minority Europeans lived among majority indigenous people
66
Siberia
A region of centers Russia, reaching to the pacific
67
Yasak
A tribute demanded by Russian rulers from Siberian people, usually furs
68
Qing dynasty empire
1644-1912, was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912.
69
Akbar
Muglach emperor from 1556-death? Showed religious tolerance through accommodations for Hinduism. Eliminated jiyza
70
Aurangzeb
was the sixth emperor of the Mughal Empire. He ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent. His reign lasted for 49 years from 1658 until his death in 1707. During this time, Aurangzeb greatly expanded the territory of the Mughal Empire. He was constantly at war.
71
Devshirme
was chiefly the practice whereby the Ottoman Empire sent military officers to take boys, ages 8 to 18, from their families in order that they be raised to serve the state.
72
Silk roads
Road of commerce between china and the Mediterranean. Spread ideas and beliefs as well as good
73
Indian Ocean trading network
Carried bulk goods connecting china, Southeast Asia, Mediterranean, Middle East, and Africa. Spread beliefs and Islam
74
Srivijaya
State on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Controlled the India Ocean Trading routes between 600-1000 ce
75
Borobudur
Largest Buddhist temple ever constructed. Built around 800ce
76
Swahili Civilization
East African civilization, originated in the Bantu and Indian Ocean cultures
77
Great Zimbabwe
Capital city of a larger state and once a great trading hub. Built 1250-1450
78
Sand roads
The major trans Saharan trade route, became accessible bc of the camel
79
Ghana, Mali, Songhay
A series of connected cities as hubs on the sand roads
80
Trans Saharan slave trade
A smaller trade among the slave road, house slaves were sold to North Africa
81
American web
A trade route that loosely connected postclassical America
82
Quran
The sacred writings of Islam
83
Umma
The Muslim community of people
84
Pillars of Islam
The five duties given to every muslim
85
Hijra
The migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 ce
86
Sharia
The code of law derived from the Quran
87
Jizya
Tax payed by non muslims to continue to be allowed to practice their religion
88
Ulama
The body of Muslim scholars who interpret islam's sciences and laws
89
Abbasid Caliphate
Descendants of Muhammad who overthrew the Umayyad caliphate
90
Al-Ghazail
Brilliant Islamic theologian, not entirely accepted by ulama
91
Sikhism
The doctrines of religion of northern Indian that fused Islam and Hinduism
92
Anatolia
A peninsula in southwest Asia
93
Ibn Battuta
Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time
94
Madrassas
A school for the study of Muslim law
95
House of Wisdom
A library and academic center in Baghdad, built in 800
96
Yuan dynasty
Mongol Dynasty, ruled china from 1271-1368
97
Khanbalik
New capital city for the mongols after conquest of china
98
Kaghan
Supreme ruler of a Turkic nomadic confederacy
99
Karakorum
Capital of the mongol Empire
100
Ghazan Khan
Il- Khan of Persia and noted for restoring Persia
101
"Fictive kinship"
Form of tribal bonding in nomadic societies, allies treated like relatives

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