8-9. Oral Ecology & Bacterial Plaque Biofilm Development Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a biofilm?
Matrix-enclosed bacterial populations adherent to each other and/or to surfaces or interfaces.
Oral plaque/bacteria are most arranged into complex “_______.”
Oral plaque/bacteria are most arranged into complex “BIOFILM.”
As long as the “_______” flora, bacterial biofilms are fed well and maintained properly they generally cause “______” problem
As long as the “NORMAL” flora, bacterial biofilms are fed well and maintained properly they generally cause “LITTLE” problem
If normal flora, bacterial biofilms are fed “________” ( e.g., too many sweets), or not maintained (e.g., brush and floss) then “______” will usually follow.
If normal flora, bacterial biofilms are fed “improperly/poorly” ( e.g., too many sweets), or not maintained (e.g., brush and floss) then “disease” will usually follow.
Do microbes live in separate individual colonies, or in complex communities called biofilm?
Complex communities called biofilm
What are the 6 basic properties of biofilm?
- Complex cooperating and competing community of different microorganism
- Exist/arranged in microcolonies
- Microcolonies are surrounded and attached together by protective matrix
- Between microcolonies are differing environments
- Simple communication system (quorum sensing)
- More resistant to antibiotics, antimicrobials, and host response
(Sorry for the long answer)
As plaque grows thicker, it is less permeable by “______” and “_______”.
As plaque grows thicker, it is less permeable by “OXYGEN” and “SALIVA”.
“__________” flora are found in a minority of population, where they generally act like “______” flora
“SUPPLEMENTAL” flora are found in a minority of population, where they generally act like “NORMAL” flora
“________” flora consists of microorganisms that are brought to the area form somewhere else. They have a “________” time colonizing and “_______” in the area, and are thus generally cleared within a few hours or days.
“TRANSIENT” flora consists of microorganisms that are brought to the area form somewhere else. They have a “DIFFICULT” time colonizing and “COMPETING” in the area, and are thus generally cleared within a few hours or days.
4 roles of Normal Flora (there are 5 but he only underlined 4 in class)
- Competition (out compete pathogen/bad flora)
- Vitamin K synthesis
- Immune Stimuli: LPS-> Gut
- Source of opportunists
At birth, a baby’s oral cavity is colonized by “_____” microorganisms. (e.g. Candida, “_____”, “_____”)
At birth, a baby’s oral cavity is colonized by “VAGINAL” microorganisms. (e.g. Candida, “YEAST”, “LACTOBACILLUS”)
List two methods of how a babys oral cavity get exposed to microorganisms
- During birth, exposure to vaginal microorgansim
2. Oral contact (parents kissing)
What 4 new niches/ecological site develop when teeth erupt in baby?
- fissures
- interproximal surfaces
- smooth surface (enamel)
- gingival-tooth surface
Bacteria such as “_____________” finally find a place where they can colonize and compete well with the appearacnce of the deep “___” and “________” of the “___” molar.
Bacteria such as “STREP. MUTANS” finally find a place where they can colonize and compete well with the appearance of the deep “PITS” and “FISSURES” of the “2nd” molar.
“______” flushing and “________” shedding make it impossible for most microorganisms to colonize.
“SALIVA” flushing and “EPITHELIAL” shedding make it next to impossible for most microorganisms to colonize.
True or false: The tongue has a lot of bacteria.
True, most bacteria call the tongue papilla and crypts their home. Crypts do not get flushed from saliva.
Strep. Sanguinis is a “______” species in tooth plaque development.
Strep. Sanguinis is a “PIONEER” species in tooth plaque development.
Which bacteria need teeth in order to colonize in the mouth?
S. Sanguis and S mutans.
there’s also S. milleri, A. naeslundii, and A. viscosus - these were not really mentioned in class
Which bacteria does not need teeth in order to colonize in the mouth?
S. Salivarius
True or false: Supragingival plaque contains mostly gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus and Actinomyces.
TRUE
What are the 5 gram-positive streptococcus bacteria that exist on the saliva, tongue, and supragingivally.
Strep. Salivarious S. Sanguis S. mitior S. Milleri S. Mutans
what are the remaining 2 gram-positive bacteria existing supragingivally? List whether the bacteria are in rare, low, moderate, or high proportions. (Chart on page 71)
Lactobacillus - rare to low
Actinomyces - low on tongue and saliva. moderate supragingival
True or false: Subgingival plaque contains significant amount of gram-negative bacteria, such as Treponema and Fusobacterium, and significant amount of gram-positive.
FALSE, Subgingival plaque contains significant amount of gram-negative bacteria, such as Treponema and Fusobacterium, and FEW amount of gram-positive.
What are the characteristics of Supragingival bacteria?
Gram Rxn
Morphology (cocci, rod, spirochetes)
Oxygen Relationship (aerobic, anerobic, faculative, etc)
Energy Source (carb or protein)
Motility
Disease caused
Mostly Gram + Cocci, branched rods Microaerophilic, faculative, some anaerobes carbs (fermented) Firmly adhere to plaque Cause Caries and Gingivitis slightly acidic
