8. Athens Vs Sparta II

Question 1

What are the 2 major dates of the late Peloponnesian war?

Answer 1

418, Battle of Mantinea.

404, Surrender of Athens.

Question 2

What event caused Sparta to lose her allies?

Answer 2

The Peace of Nicias.

Question 3

What did Argos do after the Peace of Nicias?

Answer 3

Left Sparta isolated by starting diplomatic manoeuvres.

Question 4

Who did Argos ally with?

Answer 4

Athens.

Question 5

What was the biggest battle of the Peloponnesian war?

Answer 5

The Battle of Mantinea in 418 BC

Question 6

What does Thucydides say about Spartan warfare post-Peace of Nicias?

Answer 6

They were ‘cast down by fortune’ - they were unlucky

Question 7

What occurred in 415 BC?

Answer 7

The Melian genocide on Melos.

Question 8

Why was Melos destroyed?

Answer 8

They refused to take sides.

Question 9

What was the Ionian war?

Answer 9

A war between the Athenians and Syracuse, on Sicily in 415 BC.

Question 10

What was the issues which occurred before the Athenians left before Sicily?

Answer 10

The statue of Hermes was mutilated.

Question 11

Who was blamed for the Hermes incident, why?

Answer 11

Alcibiades, he was young + had a rep. as a bad drunk

Question 12

What was Alcibiades’ punishment?

Answer 12

He had to leave Sicily to face trail.

Question 13

What did Alcibiades’ do in order to avoid trial?

Answer 13

Defected to Sparta.

Question 14

What was Alcibiades’ revenge?

Answer 14

Convinced the Spartans to send a general to help the Syracusians defeat Athens - which they did.
+ got them to attack Athens + occupy Attica.

Question 15

What was the Decelean war?

Answer 15

What Scholars call the ‘war’ between Sparta and Athens when the Spartans set up a base in Decelea.

Question 16

What effected the Athenian economy during the Decelean war?

Answer 16

Slaves fled the silver mines of Laurenion.

Question 17

What temporary change occurred in 411?

Answer 17

Athens voted Democracy out of existence.

Question 18

What big effects did the Sicilian war have on Athens?

Answer 18

Lose of Ships and Rowers.

Short of cash.

Question 19

What did Sparta do in desperation to the win the Peloponnesian war?

Answer 19

In 412, they ask persia for help.

Question 20

What was Sparta’s cost of allying with Persia?

Answer 20

Territory.

Question 21

Who was Lysander?

Answer 21

A charismatic mothax.

Question 22

What is a mothax?

Answer 22

A basterd son of a Spartan citizen + helot woman,

Question 23

What did Lysander do for the Spartans?

Answer 23

Squeeze lots of money out of Persia.

Led them on the 1st naval victory at Notiumin 407.

Question 24

When does the war end?

Answer 24

404 BC

Question 25

How was Lysander seen by the greeks?

Answer 25

As a god - Plutarch.

Question 26

Why were the Greeks angry with the Spartans after the Peloponnesian war?

Answer 26

They had sold Greek freedom for Persian cash.

Question 27

What war follows the Peloponnesian?

Answer 27

The Corinthian War.

Question 28

What was the immediate cause of the Corinthian War?

Answer 28

Local conflict int northwest Greece - Thebes + Sparta got involved.

Question 29

What was the deeper cause of the Corinthian War?

Answer 29

Hostility towards Sparta caused by Peloponnesian war.

Question 30

How was the Corinthian War fought?

Answer 30

On 2 fronts, at sea (the Aegean) and by land (near Corinth + Thebes)

Question 31

What happened to the Spartan fleet in the Corinthian War?

Answer 31

It was defeated early in the war by the Persians - ended Spartan naval power

Question 32

What did the Athenians do towards the end of the war?

Answer 32

Launched a series of naval campaigns to recapture lands lost in 5th century.

Question 33

What did the Persians do halfway through the war?

Answer 33

Switched sides to join the Spartans.

Question 34

What ended the Corinthian War?

Answer 34

The Kings peace signed in 387 BC

Question 35

What happened the Lysander?

Answer 35

He was killed in battle at the beginning of the war.

Question 36

Name 1 important battle from the Corinthian War that the Spartans won.

Answer 36

The Battle of Nemea River in 394 BC

Question 37

Name 1 battle which Agesilaus won, barely.

Answer 37

Battle of Coronea in 394 BC

Question 38

What did the Spartans use the Kings Peace for?

Answer 38

To get revenge on their former allies.

Question 39

In revenge on the Spartans, what did the Athenians do after the Kings Peace?

Answer 39

launched the 2nd Athenian Confederacy.