8. Classification And Organisms

Question 0

Genus

Answer 0

Group of closely related species, and the first part of the scientific name in binomial nomenclature

Question 1

Binomial nomenclature

Answer 1

Classification system in which each species is assigned a two part scientific name

Question 2

Taxon

Answer 2

Group or level of organization into which organisms are classified

Question 3

Family

Answer 3

Group of Genera that share many characteristics

Question 4

Order

Answer 4

A group of similar families

Question 5

Phylum

Answer 5

A group of closely related classes

Question 6

Kingdom

Answer 6

Large taxonomic group consisting of closely related phyla

Question 7

Domain

Answer 7

Most inclusive taxonomic category, larger than a kingdom

Question 8

Eubacteria

Answer 8

Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan

Question 9

Bacteria

Answer 9

Domain of you nice cellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans

Question 10

Archaea

Answer 10

Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain Peptidoglycan

Question 11

Archaebacteria

Answer 11

Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan

Question 12

Eukarya

Answer 12

Domain of all organisms whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan

Question 13

Protista

Answer 13

Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi

Question 14

Pseudopod

Answer 14

Temporary projection of cytoplasm or a “false foot” used by some Protista for feeding or movement

Question 15

Plasmid

Answer 15

Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria

Question 16

Fungi

Answer 16

Kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter

Question 17

Plantae

Answer 17

Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs to have cell walls containing cellulose

Question 18

Animalia

Answer 18

Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls

Question 19

Class

Answer 19

A group of similar orders

Question 20

Coccus

Answer 20

Spherical prokaryote

Question 21

Conjugation

Answer 21

form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information

Question 22

Cilium

Answer 22

short hairlike projection similar to a flagellum; produces movement in many cells

Question 23

Chitin

Answer 23

complex carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of fungi; also found in the external skeletons of arthropods

Question 24

Colony

Answer 24

(biology) Several individual organisms (especially of the same species) living together in close association.

Question 25

Bacillus

Answer 25

Rod shaped prokaryote

Question 26

Spirilium

Answer 26

Spiral or corkscrew shaped prokaryote

Question 27

Binary fission

Answer 27

type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells

Question 28

Virus

Answer 28

particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells

Question 29

Viroid

Answer 29

single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsids

Question 30

Lytic infection

Answer 30

process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst

Question 31

Lysogenic infection

Answer 31

process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA

Question 32

Lichen

Answer 32

symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism

Question 33

Prophage

Answer 33

the viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA

Question 34

Retrovirus

Answer 34

virus that contains RNA as its genetic information

Question 35

Prion

Answer 35

infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA

Question 36

Mycelium

Answer 36

Many hyphae tangled together into a sick mass; comprises the bodies of multicellular fungi

Question 37

Hyphae

Answer 37

Tiny filament that makes up a multicellular fungus or water mold

Question 38

Spore

Answer 38

Haploid reproductive cell

Question 39

Fruiting body

Answer 39

Slender reproductive structure that produces spores and is found in some fungus like protists; reproductive structure of fungus that develops from mycelium