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Power And The People > 8 Mark Similiarites > Flashcards

8 Mark Similiarites Flashcards

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1
Q

Magna Carta v great reform act 1832

A
  • aimed to limit power of monarch
  • response to political and social unrest
  • established principles of fairness
  • helped pave way for further reforms
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2
Q

Magna Carta v great reform act
How did they aim to limit power of monarch

A
  • MC - first document to limit power of king
  • GRA - by increase power of House of Commons + represent the people
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3
Q

Magna Carta v great reform act
How were they in response to political and social unrest

A
  • MC - years of conflict between king john + barons
  • GRA - unrest in middle + working class who were excluded from political system
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4
Q

Magna Carta v great reform act
How did they establish principles

A
  • MC - everyone (+ king) subject to law
  • GRA - principles of fairness, equal representation in politics
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5
Q

Magna Carta v great reform act
How did they pave way for further reforms

A
  • MC - development of English legal system
  • GRA - further electoral reforms that gave right to vote + made it more democratic
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6
Q

Magna Carta v American revolution

A
  • protection on individual rights
  • influence on constitutional law
  • challenging monarch authority
  • emphasis on rule of law
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7
Q

Magna Carta v American revolution
How did they Protect individual rights

A
  • MC - against arbitrary monarch power
  • AR - against oppressive rule of Britain
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8
Q

Magna Carta v American revolution
How did they have influence on constitutional law

A
  • MC - first document to establish principle of due process of law - later used in US constitution
  • AR - US constitution, federal gov, principles of democracy and individual rights
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9
Q

Magna Carta v American revolution
How did they challenge authority of monarch

A
  • MC - response to excessive power of king john
  • AR - rejection of British rule + king George III tyranny
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10
Q

Magna Carta v American revolution
How did they emphasise rule of law

A
  • MC - everyone (+king) subject to law
  • AR - establish rule of law + protect individual rights against gov
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11
Q

Simon de Montfort v English civil war

A
  • conflicts between monarch + nobility
  • establishment of representative institutions
  • significant military battles
  • significant impact on England
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12
Q

Simon de Montfort v English civil war
How were they driven by conflict between monarch and nobility

A
  • DM - tensions between monarch + aristocracy. Barons dissatisfied with Henry III, limit his power.
  • CW - fought between supporters of Charles I + Parliament. Unhappy with king attempt to assert authority.
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13
Q

Simon de Montfort v English civil war
How did they lead to establishment of representative institutions

A
  • DM - creation of first English Parliament (nobility + commons)
  • CW - creation of constitutional monarchy + recognition of parliament as equal branch of government
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14
Q

Simon de Montfort v English civil war
How did they involve significant military battles

A
  • DM - battle of lewes (DM brief victory)
  • CW - several years, battle of edge hill, marston moor, naseby
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15
Q

Simon de Montfort v English civil war
How did they have significant impact on English society

A
  • DM - establishment of parliament + its role in governing. Significant shift in balance of power
  • CW - execution of King Charles (first ever monarch). Short lived establishment of republican gov
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16
Q

Peasants revolt v tolpuddle martyrs

A
  • response to economic and social inequality
  • collective action by ordinary people
  • power of solidarity and community support
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17
Q

Peasants revolt v tolpuddle martyrs
How were they responses to economic and social inequality?

A
  • PR - poll tax
  • TPM - agricultural labourers formed trade union to protest against low wages + poor working conditions
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18
Q

Peasants revolt v tolpuddle martyrs
How did they involve collective action by ordinary people

A
  • PR - thousands of peasants marched to demand changes
  • TPM - six men, sent to Australia for making trade union. Sparked protest + petition. pardoned + allowed to return
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19
Q

Peasants revolt v tolpuddle martyrs
How did they show the power of solidarity and community support

A
  • PR - rebels united across different regions + classes to demand changes
  • TPM - support from other trade unions + sympathetic public
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20
Q

English civil war v Great reform act

A
  • struggle for power between different group in society
  • triggered by need to reform
  • significant changes to political system
  • controversial + sparked opposition from some areas of society
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21
Q

English civil war v Great reform act
How were they a struggle for power between different groups

A
  • CW - between monarchy + parliament
  • GRA - between landed aristocracy + rising middle class
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22
Q

English civil war v Great reform act
How were they triggered by a need to reform

A
  • CW - disagreement over tax + power of monarchy
  • GRA - desire to increase representation in parliament + address rotten boroughs
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23
Q

English civil war v Great reform act
How did they result in significant changes to political system

A
  • CW - establishment of a republic
  • GRA - political system more representative
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24
Q

English civil war v Great reform act
How were they controversial + spark opposition

A
  • CW - royalists opposed overthrow of monarchy
  • GRA - worried it would lead to empowerment of Working class + undermine power of aristocracy
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25
Chartists v suffragettes
- gaining greater political rights - faced significant opposition - variety of tactics to achieve - grassroots organising
26
Chartists v suffragettes How were they focused on gaining greater political rights
- C - right to vote for all men - S - right to vote for women
27
Chartists v suffragettes How did they face significant opposition
- C - resistance from gov + upper class - S - hostility + violence from men + women
28
Chartists v suffragettes How did they use variety of tactics
- C - petitions, mass rallies, strikes - S - peaceful protests, disobedience, hunger strikes
29
Chartists v suffragettes How did they involved grassroots organising
Relied on participation of ordinary people - meetings, rallies to gain support
30
General strike v peasants revolt
- social class tensions - disruption of everyday life - government response - impact on political + social change
31
General strike v peasants revolt How did they involve social class tensions
- GS - workers rights + power of trade unions - PR - exploitation of peasants by wealthy landowners
32
General strike v peasants revolt How did they disrupt everyday life
- GS - closure of factories, transport, etc - PR - destruction of property, disruption of trade
33
General strike v peasants revolt How did they government respond
- GS - used military - PR - negotiated settlement, used force too
34
General strike v peasants revolt How did they have an impact of political and social change
- GS - strengthened conservative gov, weakened trade unions power - PR - limited reform for peasants, contributed to decline of feudalism
35
Immigration v anti slavery campaign
- people seeking greater opportunities + better life - significant opposition from sections of society - led to changes in law - significant cultural changes
36
Immigration v anti slavery campaign How did they involve people seeking greater opportunities + better life
- ASC - former slaves gained freedom - IM - people form war - torn countries to start anew in UK
37
Immigration v anti slavery campaign How did they face opposition from sections of society
- ASC - those who had interest in slave trade (profit of it) - IM -people thought immigrants would take jobs + lower wages for native workers
38
Immigration v anti slavery campaign How did they lead to changes in the law
- ASC - abolition of slavery in British empire 1833 - IM - commonwealth immigrants act 1962 - restrictions on immigration from commonwealth countries
39
Immigration v anti slavery campaign How did they lead to significant cultural changes
- ASC - rethinking race relations + role of slavery in society - IM - growth of multiculturalism in UK
40
Pilgrimage of grace v peasants revolt
- driven by discontent among common people towards ruling authority - led by charismatic figures, able to mobilize large numbers of - failed to achieve
41
Pilgrimage of grace v peasants revolt How were they driven by discontent among common people towards ruling authorities
- PR - poll tax. Unfair burden on struggling population - PG - dissolution of monasteries, threat to traditional religious practices.
42
Pilgrimage of grace v peasants revolt How were they lead by charismatic figures who were able to mobilize large numbers
- PR - Wat Tyler. Gathered army of tens of thousands of peasants + march to London - PG - Robert Aske. Mobilize similar numbers in north of England
43
Pilgrimage of grace v peasants revolt How did they ultimately fail
- PR - brutally suppressed by authorities. Some demands given to peasants, structure of society was unchanged. - PG - initial success in forcing gov to negotiate. Ultimately failed to prevent dissolution, + establishment of Protestantism
44
Chartists v American revolution
- desire for political change - driven by sense of injustice - employed mass mobilisation tactics - ultimately succeeded
45
Chartists v American revolution How were they motivated by desire for political change
C - wanted right to vote, secret ballot, wages for MPs, no rotten boroughs AR - wanted independence from Britain or representation in politics
46
Chartists v American revolution How were they driven by sense of injustice
- C - lack of political representation for working class - AR - taxation without representation
47
Chartists v American revolution How did they employ mass mobilisation tactics
- both - demonstrations, petition, + other forms to put pressure on those in power - AR - also had battles
48
Chartists v American revolution How did they ultimately succeed
- C - didn’t achieve all of demands. Got secret ballot + vote for all men - AR - secure independence from Britain. Establish new nation based on democracy + individual rights.
49
Pilgrimage of grace v factory + social reform 19C
- driven by injustice + desire for change - driven by economic + welfare concerns - driven by Christianity/ religion
50
Pilgrimage of grace v factory + social reform 19C How were they driven by injustice and desire for change
PG - religious concerns. Estrablisment of Protestantism FSR - harsh working condtions in factories
51
Pilgrimage of grace v factory + social reform 19C How were they driven by economic and welfare concerns
- PG - dissolution of monasteries threatened livelihoods of people who relied on them for support - FSR - exploitation of workers (women + children)
52
Miners strike 1926 v new unionism 19C
- industrial action / tactics - improved working condtions - solidarity + collective bargaining - opposition from government + employers - impact on labour movement
53
Miners strike 1926 v new unionism 19C How were they faced with opposition from government + employers
- MS - strong response. Saw as threat to national security - NU - employers + gov initially hostile to collective bargaining + trade unions
54
Miners strike 1926 v new unionism 19C How did they rely of industrial action to achieve goals
- MS - mass walkout of coal miners - NU - strikes + boycott various industries
55
Miners strike 1926 v new unionism 19C How did they want to improve working conditions
- MS - present wage reduction, maintain existing working conditions - NU - better pay, shorter working hours, safer working conditions
56
Miners strike 1926 v new unionism 19C How did they emphasise importance of solidarity and collective bargaining
- MS - solidarity of coal miners across country - NU - formation of larger unions had greater bargaining power with employers
57
Simon de Montfort v chartists
- wanted more democratic system - involved in political movements - challenged power structures - faced opposition -significant impact
58
Simon de Montfort v chartists How did they both want a more democratic system
- DM - greater representation for lower classes, challenged kings authority - C - universal suffrage, annual election etc. ordinary people more power in gov
59
Simon de Montfort v chartists How were they involved in political movements
- DM - led rebellion in 13C - C - working class movement in 19C
60
Simon de Montfort v chartists How did they challenge power structures
- DM - challenged monarch authority - C - aimed to overthrow aristocracy + establish more equal society
61
Simon de Montfort v chartists How did they face opposition
- DM - monarch + nobility - C - gov, aristocracy, some Working class who thought they demands would lead to revolution
62
Simon de Montfort v chartists How did they have a significant impact
- DM - establishment of first Parliament, with elected representatives. Foundation for modern political system - C - slightly unsuccessful. Pave way for future political reforms
63
Peasants revolt v chartists
- caused by economic distress - methods, charismatic leaders - initial failure
64
Peasants revolt v chartists How were they caused partly by economic distress
- PR - improve condtions for presents. Statute of labourers - capped wages, enforced labour. Poll tax - C - corn laws - bread price high, wages low. People forbidden joining unions (tolpuddle martyrs). Responding to economic crisis
65
Peasants revolt v chartists How were they similar in methods/ tactics + charismatic leaders
- PR - Way Tyler - stirred up supporter in south. Protests turn violent, arson, stormed Rochester castle. - C - William Lovett - stirred up supporters all over country. Protest turn violent, peaceful method not working. Marched on town to pressure authorities.
66
Peasants revolt v chartists How did they both initially fail
- PR - initially made Richard II agree to demands. Tyler killed, Richard violent suppressed rebels. - C - kept getting petition (people’s charter) rejected.
67

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