8 principles and 6 pathogenic factors

Question 1

pattern differentiations= diagnosis

Answer 1

-the 8 principles
-the 5 elements
-the vital substances
-the zang-fu organs
-pathogenic factors
-the 6 stages
-the 4 levels
-3 jiao (burners)
-the meridians

Question 2

zang-fu

Answer 2

yin= zang
fu= yang

Question 3

the 8 principles

Answer 3

-yin-yang (category)
-heat-cold (nature/ property)
-internal-external (location)
-excess-deficiency (strength)

Question 4

the 5 elements; what are their cycles

Answer 4

-controlling, generating, insulting cycles

Question 5

the vital substances; 4

Answer 5

qi, blood, body fluids, essence

Question 6

the zang-fu organs

Answer 6

5 yin and 6 yang orangs, and 6 extraordinary organs

Question 7

pathogenic factors

Answer 7

wind, cold, heat/fire, dampness, dryness, summer-heat

Question 8

6 stages

Answer 8

tai yang, yang ming, shoo yang, tai yin, shao yin, jue yin

Question 9

4 levels

Answer 9

wei, qi, ying, blood

Question 10

3 jiao (burners)

Answer 10

upper, middle and lower burner

Question 11

the meridians

Answer 11

energy channels

Question 12

exterior

Answer 12

-exterior comprise the skin, muscles and channels. space between skin and muscles where Wei Qi and sweat are located and first invaded by external pathogenic factors
-patterns include aversion to cold, ‘fever’, aching body, stiff neck and floating pulse

Question 13

interior

Answer 13

-when the internal organs are affected. may have arisen from an exterior pathogenic factor, but once the disease penetrates into the interior, it is defined as interior
-treating the internal organ patterns

Question 14

heat

Answer 14

-feeling hot; fever
-sweating
-thirst
-empty vs full heat? all dependent on if it is a manifestation of excess of yang or if yang is relatively in excess

Question 15

cold

Answer 15

-feeling of cold
-cold limbs
-absence of thirst
-full or empty-cold? this time depends on yin,. if its in excess or relative excess of yang

Question 16

excess

Answer 16

-characterized by the presence of a pathogenic factor while upright qi is relatively intact and actively fighting against the pathogenic factor
-pain worse with pressure
-pain is acute in onset
-irritability, restlessness
-strong voice

Question 17

deficiency

Answer 17

-characterized by emptiness of upright qi and the absence of a pathogenic factor
-empty qi: pale face, weak voice, slight sweating, slight shortness of breath, fatigue, loose stools, poor appetite
-empty yang: bright pale face, cold limbs, absence of thirst, desire for hot drinks, frequent pale urination
-empty yin: heat in the afternoon, dry throat at night, night sweats
-empty blood: dull-pale face, pale lips, dry hair, blurred vision, tiredness, poor memory, insomnia, scanty periods

Question 18

causes of disease

Answer 18

-disease can be caused by external factors or internal factors
-external factors thought of as pathogens that attack the body from the outside
-internal factors are often from stress and emotional “problems” that can damage individual organ systems, and from organ impairment which leads to lack of functioning
-organ impairment can be caused by diet, drugs, alcohol, medication, overwork, emotional factors, or external pathogens that penetrate into the interior and begin to damage organ systems

Question 19

what are the 6 external pernicious (pathogenic) influences/factors?

Answer 19

wind
cold
heat
dampness
dryness
summer heat

–> all of them have exterior and interior source except summer heat

Question 20

wind

Answer 20

-yang in nature
-usually used as a source for other factors to enter
-arises quickly and changes rapidly
-moves around
-lungs are affected first (external wind)
-liver affected for internal wind
-causes tremors or convulsions, stiffness, paralysis

Question 21

what happens when wind invades muscles and joints?

Answer 21

when wind invades the muscles and channels: stiffness, rigidity, contraction of the muscles with sudden onset

when wind invades the joints: pain that moves from joint to joint, especially the upper part of the body

Question 22

ddx: wind cold

Answer 22

-the cold piggy backs on wind, wind is the motive force

-aversion to cold/wind
-chills
-sneezing
-cough white discharge
-runny nose with white discharge
-body stiffness and aches
-pulses: maybe floating, but often no change form normal
-tongue: no change from normal

Question 23

ddx: wind heat

Answer 23

-aversion to wind/heat
-fever
-sneezing
-cough with yellow discharge
-runny nose with yellow mucus
-itchy and/or sore throat
-swollen tonsils, red back of throat
-pulses: maybe superficial, but usually no change
-tongue: no change from normal

Question 24

internal wind

Answer 24

-tremors, tics
-itchy-lung involved as well because of skin
-severe dizziness, vertigo
-severe cases convulsions, unconsciousness, hemiplegia
-deviation of mouth/tongue

Question 25

cold

Answer 25

-injures yang
-contracts and congeals
-causes clear discharge

Question 26

cold

Answer 26

-sleepiness
-severe localized pain improved from heat
-white tongue coating and body discharges
-slow pulse
-craves warmth, aversion to cold, feels cold
-pale complex
-lack of thirst
-loose stool
-clear and profuse urine- “not heat”
-day or night (any at night too much depending on age)

Question 27

heat

Answer 27

-yang in nature
-blazes upwards
-drying- damages blood and yin
-may cause bleeding
-potential to generate wind when severe
-affects the mind

Question 28

heat

Answer 28

-high fever, desires cold, aversion to heat, heat sensation
-redness- skin, face, eyes and complexion
-thirst
-constipation (complicated) or foul smelling diarrhea; foul smelling discharge
-scanty, dark yellow urine
-restlessness, irritability
-bleeding symptoms- cough, vomit, nose, gums, urine, stool, skin
-rapid anything- including pulse, breathing rate
-yellow tongue coating (full heat) and other body discharges, red tongue body

Question 29

dampness

Answer 29

-excess of yin
-from damp environments: clothes, living, wading, diet
-lack of movement
-sticky and difficult to get rid of
-heavy and slow

Question 30

dampness

Answer 30

-feeling of heaviness, pain or anything worse with damp
-anything swollen and/ or oozing
-no appetite, bloating, made worse with food
-cloudiness of discharges
-pulses: slippery
-tongue: sticky coat and/or fat, swollen tongue

Question 31

dryness

Answer 31

-usually from very dry and/or hot weather, internal heat, dry warming food and/or herbs, lack of fluid intake, not enough fruits and veggies, salty processed food etc.
-all symptoms are DRY
-internal dryness is a form of yin deficiency without heat signs or symptoms
-can result from heat too

Question 32

summer heat

Answer 32

-yang in nature
-only in the “summer”
-like a heat stroke
-combo of heat and damp
-usually only encounter in 1st aid situation

Question 33

summer heat

Answer 33

-aversion to heat
-sweating
-headache
-scanty dark urine
-dry lips
-feeling of heaviness
-irritability
-thirst, no thirst if severe
-pulses: rapid
-tongue: red on the sides and tip
-may see delirium, slurred speech and unconsciousness