Programming Language Concepts

Question 1

A computer program which translates assembly language to an object file or machine language format.

Answer 1

Assembler

Question 2

A low-level programming language (difficult for humans, easy for machine) that uses mnemonic opposes, such as mov, sto, and load, to interact directly a computer’s Central Processing Unit (CPU) and registers, used by expert programmers to produce highly efficient and fast programs.

Answer 2

Assembly Language

Question 3

A notation technique for context-free grammars, often used to describe the syntax language used in computing.

Answer 3

Backus Naur Notation

Question 4

A family of general-purpose, high level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.

Answer 4

BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)

Question 5

A universally portable software file compiled from source code that is then translated into machine language by a software interpreter. Java works this way, where a .java file is compiled into a .class file, which contains _________, and then is translated by whatever device executes that file.

Answer 5

Bytecode

Question 6

A general, all-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in the late 60s and early 70s at the AT&T Bell Labs, which became one of the most widely used programming languages of all time.

Answer 6

C

Question 7

A programming language also developed by AT&T Bell Labs isn’t he late 70s by Bjorne Stroustrup, derived from C, with added object oriented features.

Answer 7

C++

Question 8

An acronym for common business-oriented language, a complied English-like computer programming languages designed for business use.

Answer 8

COBOL

Question 9

A term that refers to the source code, or set of instructions found in a computer program.

Answer 9

Code

Question 10

A section of code in a computer program which is grouped together. Blocks consist of one or more declarations and statements.

Answer 10

Code Block

Question 11

A computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language, often having a binary form known as object code). The most common reason for converting a source code is to create an executable program.

Answer 11

Compiler

Question 12

The process of transforming source code form a high-level programming language into object code, most typically machine language or bytecode in Java.

Answer 12

Compiling

Question 13

The code that is the result of the compile process translated from source code, running a program.

Answer 13

Executable code

Question 14

One of the original high level languages, short for Formula Translation, created by John Backus, to make programming easier for math and science applications.

Answer 14

FORTRAN

Question 15

A programming language using words and commands easy for humans to understand and organize, but which must be translated into a low-level language like machine language or object code for the computer to understand and execute.

Answer 15

High Level Language

Question 16

The translation process in some programming languages which executes a program one line at a time, instead of compiling the entire program into one executable file.

Answer 16

Interpreting

Question 17

A general-purpose computer programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and is designed to run on any platform through the use of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

Answer 17

Java

Question 18

A language easily understood and executed by a computer, like machine language, assembly, or bytecode.

Answer 18

Low Level Language

Question 19

The language directly understood and executed by a computer, consisting of pure 0s and 1s.

Answer 19

Machine Language

Question 20

A low-level language easily understood and executed by the computer, the result of a translation process using a compiler or interpreter.

Answer 20

Object Code

Question 21

A procedural programming language devised and published by Nicklaus Wirth in 1970. Used for education.

Answer 21

Pascal

Question 22

A formal constructed language to communicate instructions to a computer.

Answer 22

Programming Language

Question 23

An informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm.

Answer 23

Pseudocode

Question 24

An interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics.

Answer 24

Python

Question 25

An event-drive programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft, first released in 1991, to be relatively easy to learn and use to create GUI based programs.

Answer 25

Visual Basic

Question 26

A diagram system, sometimes referred to as railroad diagrams, which is a way to represent a context-free grammar.

Answer 26

Syntax Diagram

Question 27

The rules in a scripted language that control punctuation, spelling, and grammar, such as ending a statement with a semicolon, requiring matching braces or parenthesis, and so on.

Answer 27

Syntax

Question 28

A method that has no return type. A return statement may be used, but no data will be returned to the calling method.

Answer 28

Void Method

Question 29

A markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format which is both human-readable and machine-readable.

Answer 29

Extensible Markup Language (XML)