Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2022 South America > Chile General > Flashcards

Chile General Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only major winemaking country to remain totally phylloxera-free?

A

Chile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Mission grape known as in Argentina? In Chile?

A

Pais

Criolla Chica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 19th century estates were early promoters of French varieties?

A

Viña La Rosa (Cachapoal, 1824), Carta Vieja (Loncomilla, 1825)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Chile’s oldest operating winery, and why was it initially important?

A

Viña Ochagavía, Santiago, 1851. Founded by Silvestre Ochagavía
Provided a blueprint for others to follow; sometimes referred to as the “father of Chilean wine.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who was the naturalist who created Chile’s first research vineyard in the 1830’s?

A

Claude Gay; he brought dozens of grapevine cuttings in from France and planted them at Santiago’s Quinta Normal for study (adaptability to Chilean climate and soil).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which three wineries account for 85% of domestic consumption in Chile?

A

Concha y Toro
Santa Rita
San Pedro
Overall, the Chilean wine industry is top-heavy, and the largest producers create and control market perceptions of Chile worldwide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Average size of Chilean winery production

A

1 million cases/year = mid-size

100,000 cases /year = small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is MOVI?

A

Movimiento de Viñateros Independientes
A coalition created in 2009 between 12 smaller wineries (many more today). Inclusion is less a signal of winery style and more an indicator of size and personal attention to the day-to-day affairs of the winery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Chile’s first winery founded by outside investment? What important technologies did this introduce?

A

Miguel Torres Chile, 1979

Modern winemaking, essentially: temperature control, stainless steel ferments, new barrique, pneumatic press.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who owns Los Vascos?

A

Domaine Barons de Rothschild-Lafite (1988)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who created Viña Aquitania?

A

Bruno Prats (Cos d’Estournel) and Paul Pontarlier (Margaux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Seña is a collaboration between whom?

A 
Eduardo Chadwick (Errazuriz) and Robert Mondavi, 1995.
Owned wholly by Chadwick since 2005.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who collaborates on Aristos?

A

Louis-Michel Liger-Belair and Pedro Parra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which Chablisienne producer has a Chilean outpost?

A

William Fèvre - William Fèvre Chile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Much of Chile’s “Sauvignon Blanc” is in fact what?

A

Sauvignon Vert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is another name for Sauvignon Vert?

A

Friulano

17
Q

Much of Chile’s “Merlot” is in fact what?

A

Carmenere

18
Q

What are Chile’s geographic sectors from north to south? Which are relevant for winegrowing?

A 
Norte Grande
Norte Chico
Zona Central
Zona Sur
Zona Austral

Wine grapes begin in Norte Chico (Copiapo, Atacama, 27º), and end in Zona Austral (46º).

19
Q

Chile: Administrative Regions

A 
Atacama, Region III, Norte Chico
Coquimbo: Region IV, Norte Chico
Valparaíso, Region V, Zona Central
Santiago, Región Metropolitan, Zona Central
O'Higgins, Region VI, Zona Central
Maule, Region VII, Zona Central
Bío Bío, Region VIII, Zona Sur
La Araucania, Region IX, Zona Sur
Los Lagos, Region X, Zona Sur

May or may not correspond to DO regions, even DO viticultural regions of the same name.

20
Q

Chile: Latitude

A

17º to 53º S - 4300km long, 350km wide (max)

21
Q

Chile: Cilmate by Latitude

A

Norte Chico: hot and arid
Zona Central: warm and Mediterranean
Zona Sur: cool, rainy, maritime

22
Q

Chile: Soil

A

Mountain ranges are created by the tectonic interaction of the South American plate and the Nazca (oceanic) plate, as the latter pushes eastward. (making Chile subject to frequent, devastating earthquakes). Results:
Coastal range is granite, schist, and slate overlaid by clay, from the continental crust folding over
Andes range is volcanic in origin - basalt, andesite - but also contains limestone in places lifted up from the Nazca Plate.

23
Q

Who oversees Chile’s wine labeling laws? When were they passed?

A

Originally passed 1985 (vitis vinifera only, min. 11.5% abv); permitted practices and additions added in 1986.
DO system was enacted in 1994.
Overseen by the Agricultural and Livestock Service

24
Q

Chilean DO categories by size

A

Región Vitícola
Subregion
Zone
Area

25
Q

Which current cools the Chilean Coast? What effect does it have on climate?

A

Humbolt Current, running northward up from the Antarctic.
The current cools the air passing over it, limiting precipitation and contributing to an inversion layer (wherein cooler tempterarures are trapped near the surface). Average temperatures are milder, and the diurnal shift is suppressed (floor remains the same; highs are lower).

26
Q

What effect does El Niño have on Chile?

A

El Niño is caused by a weakening and warming of the Humbolt Current; Pacific Ocean temperatures warm off the coast, and rainfall increases dramatically.

27
Q

Chilean Wine Law: %’s

A

75% for vintage, varietal, DO (if listed). Most producers do 85% to comply with EU export standards.

28
Q

Are hybrid varietals allowed in Chilean wines?

A

NO

29
Q

What is the required minimum abv in Chile?

A

11.50%

30
Q

What Chilean designations require 12% abv?

A

Riserva and Riserva Especial

31
Q

What Chilean designations require 12.5% abv?

A

Riserva Privada and Gran Reserva

32
Q

Other than higher minimum alcohol, what is the requirement for Chilean Riserva Especial and Gran Reserva?

A

Mandatory time in wood (unspecified)

33
Q

What are the three geographical designations utilized for labeling in Chile? What % of grapes must be from there to qualify? When were these implemented?

A

Andes, Costa, and Entre Cordilleras
85%
2012

34
Q

Red grapes account for what % of Chilean acreage?

A

73.00%

35
Q

When was Chile’s “merlot” unmasked as Carmenere, and by whom?

A

1994, by Jean-Michel Bourisquot on a visit to Viña Carmen

36
Q

Name two high end Carmenere bottlings

A

Errázuriz “Kai” (Aconcagua)

Concha y Toro “Carmín de Peumo” (Rapel)

37
Q

What is Chile’s largest producer? What is their flagship wine?

A 
Concha y Toro
Don Melchor (Cab Sauv, Puente Alto, Maipo)
38
Q

What is Almaviva?

A

A joint project between Baron Philippe de Rothschild and Concha y Toro (think Opus One in Chile). Cabernet Sauvignon base, Puente Alto, Maipo.

39
Q

Name three brands owned by Concha y Toro

A 
Serie Riberas
Terrunyo
Gravas del Maipo
Casillero del Diablo
Trio
Marquest de Casa Concha
Amelia
Don Melchor
Carmin de Peumo

2022 South America (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions