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Human Anatomy > Muscles of Head and Neck > Flashcards

Muscles of Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Platysma

A

O: inferior border of mandible, skin of lower face

I: deltopectoral fascia

Innv: Fascial nerve (CN VII)

Action: draws skin of neck superiorly and corners of mouth inferiorly

Very superficial muscle

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2
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O: manubrium, medial 1/3 of clavicle

I: mastoid process

Innv: spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

Unilateral: lateral flexion, contralateral rotation

Bilateral: inferior flexion, superior extension

divides neck into anterior and posterior triangles

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3
Q

Scalene Muscles

A

Anterior, Middle, Posterior

O: cervical transverse processes

I: 1st rib (ANT, MID)
   2nd rib (POST)

Sublcavian artery and brachial plexus pass thru ANT and MID

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4
Q

Longus Coli

A

O: upper thoracic, lower cervical bodies. middle cervical transv. processes

I: upper cervical vertebral bodies

Innv: cervical ant. rami

flex neck

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5
Q

Longus capitis

A

O: middle cervical transv. process

I: Occipital

Innv: cervical anterior rami

Action: flex neck, flex atlanto-occipital joint

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6
Q

Muscles of Posterior Triangle

A

Splenius capitis, levator scapulae, scalenes, inferior belly of omohyoid

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7
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid, mylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid

Elevate hyoid bone

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8
Q

Digastric

A

O: Posterior - mastoid notch
Anterior - digastric fossa
I: intermediate tendon near lesser horn of hyoid

Innv: Ant - CN V3 (mandibular), Post - Facial (CN VII)

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9
Q

Sylohyoid innv

A

CN VII, facial n.

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10
Q

mylohyoid innv

A

CN V3, mandibular n.

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11
Q

Geniohyoid innv

A

C1 ant. ramus via hypoglossal n.

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12
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

depress, stabilize hyoid

Innv: C1-C4 anterior rami

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13
Q

Muscles of facial expression

A

CN VII (facial n.)

Skin Movers, Sphincters of the face

occipitofrontalis (frontalis, occipitalis), orbicularis oculi (palpebral and orbital), zygomaticus major, buccinator, orbicularis oris, levator labbi superioris, lavator labbii superioris alaeque nasi, levator anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris, mentalis

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14
Q

Intrinsic eye muscles

A

Sphincter pupillae - parasympathetic

Dilator pupillae - sympathetic

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15
Q

Ciliary body

A

Ciliary muscle - parasympathetic

suspensory ligaments

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16
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris

A

O: common tendinous ring

Ins: superior tarsal plate

Innv: superior division of CN III, occulomotor

Action: elevate upper eyelid

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17
Q

Superior rectus innv

A

superior division of CN III

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18
Q

lateral rectus innv

A

CN VI (abducent)

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19
Q

Inferior rectus

A

Inferior division of CN III

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20
Q

Medial rectus

A

Inferior division of CN III

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21
Q

Superior oblique

A

Trochlear, CN IV

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22
Q

Inferior Oblique

A

Inferior division of CN III

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23
Q

Medial Rectus Action

A

Strong ADduction

24
Q

Lateral Rectus Action

A

Strong ABduction

25
Q

Superior Rectus

A

Strong elevation
Intorsion
Slight adduction

26
Q

inferior rectus

A

strong depression
extorsion
slight adduction

27
Q

superior oblique

A

strong depression
intorsion
slight abduction

28
Q

inferior oblique

A

Strong elevation
extorsion
slight abduction

29
Q

Temporalis

A

O: floor of temporal fossa, deep surface of temporal fascia

I: coronoid process

Innv: mandibular n (CN V3)

Action: elevate and retract mandible

30
Q

Masseter

A

O: Inferior zygomatic arch

I: lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible

Action: Elevate, protrude

Innv: mandibular n (CN V3)

31
Q

Lateral Pterygoid Superior Head

A

O: infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid

I: Articular disc and capsule of TMJ

Innv: Mandibular n. (CN V3)

Action: protrude mandible and depress chin

32
Q

Lateral Pterygoid Inferior Head

A

O:lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

I: Pterygoid fovea & capsule of TMJ

Innv: Mandibular n. (CN V3)

Action: protrude mandible and depress chin

33
Q

Medial pterygoid superior head

A

O: Maxillary tuberosity

I: medial surface of mandibular ramus

Innv: mandibular n. (CN V3)

Action: Elevate and protrude mandible

34
Q

Medial pterygoid deep head

A

O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

I: medial surface of mandibular ramus

Innv: Mandibular n. (CN V3)

Action: elevate and protrude mandible

35
Q

Cricothyroid

A

O: External surface of cricoid arch

I: inferior thyroid lamina

Innv: External larygneal n.

Action: Lengthen vocal cords

36
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

O: Posterior cricoid lamina

I: muscular process of arytenoid

Innv: Inferior laryngeal n. (recurrent laryngeal from vagus)

Action: abducts vocal cords

37
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid

A

O: cricoid arch

I: muscular process of arytenoid

Innv: inferior laryngeal n.

Action: adducts vocal cords

38
Q

Arytenoids

A

O: body of arytenoid

I: contralateral arytenoid

Innv: inferior laryngeal n.

Action: adducts arytenoids, vocal cords

39
Q

Thyroarytenoid

A

O: Thyroid lamina

I: Body of arytenoid

Innv: inferior laryngeal n.

Action: shorten vocal cords

40
Q

Vocalis

A

O: vocal process of arytenoid

I: vocal ligament

Innv: Inferior laryngeal n.

Action: shortal vocal cords

41
Q

Stapedius

A

CN VII

Dampens vibration of stapes in rxn to damaging loud sounds

42
Q

Levator Veli Palatini

A

O: cartilagenous auditory tube

I: Soft palate

Innv: CN X

Action: Elevate soft palate

43
Q

Tensor veli palatini

A

O: pterygoid hamulus

I: soft palate

Innv: CN V3

Action: Tense soft palate

44
Q

Palatoglossus

A

O: soft palate

I: lateral side of posterior tongue

Innv: CN X

Action: elevate tongue

45
Q

Palatopharyngeus

A

O: Soft palate

I: lateral wall of pharynx

Innv: CN X

Action: elevate pharynx

46
Q

Muscles of Extrinsic Tongue

A

Genioglossus, Hypoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus

CN XII

47
Q

Pharyngeal constrictors, names, origins, innv, insertion

A

Names: Superior, middle, inferior pharyngeal constrictors

O:
Superior - pterygomandibular raphe

Middle: greater horn of hyoid

Inferior: thyroid and cricoid cartilage

Ins: midline pharyngeal raphe

Innv: CN X

48
Q

Killan’s triangle

A

weak point in inferior constrictor, pharynx

common site of esophageal diverticulum formation.

49
Q

Pharyngeal Elevators

A

Palatopharyngeus, stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus

50
Q

Innv of pharyngeal elevators

A

Palatopharyngeus: CN X

Stylopharyngeus: CN IX

Salpingopharyngeus: CN X

51
Q

muscles of nasopharynx

A

Torus Tubarius, Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini

52
Q

Oropharynx muscles

A

Stylopharyngeus, glossopharyngeal

53
Q

Shortens/loosens vocal cords

A

thyroarytenoid, vocalis

54
Q

lengthens/tightens vocal cords

A

Cricothyroid muscle

55
Q

abduction of vocal cords

A

posterior cricoarytenoid

56
Q

adduction of vocal cords

A

lateral cricoarytenoid, arytenoids

Human Anatomy (17 decks)

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