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Aviation > Principles of Flight 1 > Flashcards

Principles of Flight 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Four Forces of Flight

A

Lift, Weight, Thrust and Drag

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2
Q

What conditions are required for Straight and level unaccelerated flight

A

When a plane maintains is Heading, Altitude and Airspeed

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3
Q

What is happening in Straight and Level Flight

A

Lift = Weight and Thrust = Drag

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4
Q

a wing is a type of what

A

Airfoil

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5
Q

What is an Airfoil

A

any surface that generates an aerodynamic force as a fluid

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6
Q

What shouldn’t we confuse Fluids with

A

Liquids

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7
Q

What is a Fluid

A

Any substance that deform under an applied stress

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8
Q

What are types of fluids

A

Liquids, Gas and Plasma

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9
Q

What is the most forward part of the wing

A

Leading edge

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10
Q

What is the most Aft Part of the wing

A

Trailing Edge

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11
Q

What is a Chord Line

A

The imaginary line drawn between the Forward and Aft part of the wing

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12
Q

What is the Flight Path

A

Path of the planes flight through the air

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13
Q

What is Relative Wind

A

The Airflow that flows around the plane as it travels through the Air

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14
Q

What relationship does the Relative Wind have with the Flight Path

A

The Relative Wind is Parallel too but opposite to the Flight Path

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15
Q

What is the Angle of Attack

A

The Angle between the wings Chord line and the aircraft’s relative wind

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16
Q

What two major theories acting in unison create lift

A
  1. Newtons 3 Laws 2. Bernoullis Principle
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17
Q

What is Newtons 1st Law

A

A Body at rest remains at rest until acted on by an outside force

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18
Q

What is Newtons 2nd Law

A

Force = mass x acceleration

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19
Q

What is Newtons 3rd law

A

For ever action there is an equal and opposite reaction

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20
Q

According to Newtonian Physics what is air doing when it hits the wing

A

Deflects down

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21
Q

What is the Bernoulli Principle (Stated)

A

As the Velocity of a fluid increases, its internal pressure decreases

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22
Q

As Airspeed Increases, what happens to its internal pressure

A

Decreeses

23
Q

What is the Pressure difference around the wing

A

Low Pressure = top of wing, High Pressure below the wing

24
Q

What is the pressure difference known as

A

Pressure Gradient

25
Q

How does air always move within pressure Gradients

A

From High to Low

26
Q

How does the Pressure gradient contribute towards lift

A

the High Pressure Air moves towards low pressure

27
Q

What factors are included in the Lift Equation

A

Air Density,

Surface Area of the Wing,

Velocity,

Co-efficient of Lift

28
Q

Coefficient of Lift takes into consideration two things what are they

A

Airfoil Shape & Angle of Attack

29
Q

The Faster the Plane travels_______

A

the more Lift the wings will generate

30
Q

The higher the angle of attack_______

A

the more lift the wings will generate

31
Q

What is the Planform of a wing

A

Shape of the wing when viewed from above

32
Q

What is the Camber of a wing

A

Curvature of the wing

33
Q

What is the Aspect Ratio of the wing

A

The relationship between the Length and the width

34
Q

What is the Wing Area of the Wing

A

Total Surface area of the Wing

35
Q

What are used that alows Pilots to Manipulate the wings and change their shape and are important for Landing and Take off

A

High Lift Devices

36
Q

Initially Flaps will increase the lift by a 1)_____amount with only a 2)_____increase in drag, as the flaps are extended further lift 3)_____only slightly and 4)_____increases significantly

A

1) larger 2) Small 3) Increases 4) Drag

37
Q

The Weight force always extends and pivots from the _______

A

“Center of Gravity” also known as its “CG”

38
Q

How does the Weight of an Aircraft decrease during flight

A

As Fuel is burned

39
Q

What is Thrust

A

the forward acting force opposing Drag which propells the plane forward

40
Q

Where do planes generally get their thrust from

A

Propellars or Turbo Engines

41
Q

Propellar is an airforce, true or false

A

True

42
Q

What is Drag

A

Drag is the force opposing thrust which limits the forward speed of an aircraft

43
Q

What are the two types of Drag

A

Parasite and Induced

44
Q

What is Parasite Drag

A

A direct result of Air resistance as the plane travels through the air

45
Q

What are the 3 types of Parasite Drag

A

Form, Interference and Skin Friction

46
Q

What effect does Parasite Drag have on the Aircraft

A

As the speed of the Aircraft increases, the parasite drag will also increase

47
Q

What is induced Drag

A

As the Wing creates lift it is also creating Vortices that spiral from the bottom of the wing to the top

48
Q

When is Induced Drag increased

A

at slower airspeeds (and decrease as we increase speed)

49
Q

What is one way to experience reduced Drag

A

Through Ground Effect

50
Q

What is Ground Effect

A

the increased lift and decreased drag that an aircraft’s wings generate when they are close to a fixed surface.

51
Q

What does Ground effect do to the Aircraft when taking off

A

makes the plane lift off before the regular take off speed

52
Q

WHat is L/D

A

L/D MAX - the lift-to-drag ratio, is the amount of lift generated by a wing, divided by the aerodynamic drag it creates by moving through the air.

53
Q

What is the Co-Effiecient of Lift

A

a number that’s used compare the performance of airfoils and wings.

Aviation (12 decks)

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