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Hazmat > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q 
Devices that measure concentrations measure materials that enter 
the body through: (531)
A. injection.
B. ingestion.
C. inhalation.
D. absorption
A

C

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2
Q

Exposure limit is the: (531)
A. concentration of an ingested or injected substance that results
in the death of 50 percent of the test population.
B. English System unit used to express the radiation absorbed
dose (rad) equivalence as pertaining to a human body.
C. maximum length of time an individual can be exposed to an
airborne substance before injury, illness, or death occurs.
D. elapsed time between the movement of an air sample into a
monitoring detection device and the reading provided to the
user

A

C

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3
Q 
Parts per million (ppm) is an example of a unit used to express the 
\_\_\_\_\_ of a substance. (533)
A. volume
B. viscosity
C. surface area
D. concentration
A

D

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4
Q

Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) describes: (533)
A. concentrations at which most people are not adversely affected.
B. concentrations high enough to kill or cause serious injury or
illness.
C. concentrations that should not be exceeded during 8-hour
workdays.
D. concentration of an ingested or injected substance that results
in the death of 50 percent of the test population

A

B

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5
Q

Rather than providing concentrations of specific materials, some
meters will instead provide the percentage of a: (533)
A. material in water.
B. material’s dosage.
C. material’s toxicity.
D. material in the atmosphere

A

D

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6
Q

The _____ of the materials being sampled will affect the monitoring
and detection techniques and devices used. (538)
A. odor
B. color
C. value
D. state of matter

A

D

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7
Q

As a responder, you should remember that most gases: (538)
A. neither rise nor sink, but remain interspersed with the air.
B. sink and displace air, while only a few rise and float above air.
C. sink and float above air, while only a few rise and displace air.
D. rise and float above air, while only a few sink and displace air

A

B

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8
Q

In order to properly determine concentrations of different gases,
monitoring and detection equipment should be operated: (538)
A. for a few seconds at a time.
B. at different heights in a room/area.
C. on the same grade within a building.
D. by several technicians at the same time

A

B

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9
Q

What determines the effectiveness of a monitoring and detecting
instrument? (538)
A. The cost of the instrument
B. How long ago the instrument was purchased
C. The size, color, and ease of use of the instrument
D. The knowledge, skills, and ability of the individual using it

A

D

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10
Q

To verify monitoring and sampling results, when possible, use: (539)
A. new, uncalibrated technology.
B. observations from people at the scene.
C. a single sampling method and technology.
D. more than one sampling method and technology

A

D

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11
Q

Why do responders need to be aware of a monitoring and detecting
instrument’s reaction time? (539)
A. An instrument that takes longer to display a reading is less
effective.
B. If they move away from the area being sampled too quickly, the
meter’s results may be less than the actual concentration.
C. They need to know how much time they have to retreat if an
explosive material is present.
D. An instrument that delivers results immediately is likely
improperly calibrated

A

B

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12
Q

At WMD or criminal incidents, in order for any recordings to be later
admissible as evidence, responders must follow appropriate protocols
in regard to: (540)
A. time.
B. weather.
C. chain of custody.
D. technology application

A

C

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13
Q

Two key factors that dictate the detection and monitoring strategies
and tactics used at an incident as well as the PPE required to
perform these strategies and tactics are the hazards present at the
incident and the: (540)
A. season.
B. weather conditions.
C. responders’ mission.
D. responders’ skill level

A

C

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14
Q 
When an action level is reached, it may trigger: (543)
A. an explosion.
B. a booby trap.
C. removal of PPE.
D. total area evacuation
A

D

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15
Q

Responders at hazmat incidents involving hazardous solids will
typically be sufficiently protected when using: (544)
A. latex gloves and eye protection.
B. liquid splash-protective clothing.
C. encapsulating vapor-protective suits.
D. firefighter protective equipment with SCBA

A

D

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16
Q

Why is calibration an important factor to consider when determining
what equipment to use for detection and monitoring operations?
(545)
A. It is not recommended that instruments be calibrated before
use in the field.
B. It determines if responders have adequate training to effectively
use certain instruments.
C. Some instruments will detect lower concentrations than others,
while others will only detect very specific materials.
D. If an instrument is not calibrated before use, you cannot ensure
that the sensors are functioning appropriately for alarms and
other functions

A

D

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17
Q

Why might it be helpful to contact current users of equipment before
you buy it? (546)
A. They can teach you how to use the equipment.
B. They can get you a good deal on the equipment.
C. Current users can offer insight into the product’s durability and
ease of use.
D. Current users know more about the product’s specs than the
manufacturer

A

C

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18
Q

Which of the following is true of the relationship between cost and
effectiveness of an instrument? (546)
A. Cost does not determine effectiveness.
B. More expensive instruments are more effective.
C. The more expensive the instrument, the less likely it is to
become obsolete.
D. More expensive instruments do not have to be calibrated as
often as cheaper instruments

A

A

19
Q

Which of the following is a consequence of using improperly
calibrated or maintained devices? (546)
A. Improperly calibrated or maintained devices are likely to
explode.
B. Improperly calibrated or maintained devices will likely function
as intended.
C. Improperly calibrated or maintained devices may stop working
during detection.
D. Improperly calibrated or maintained devices may give
inaccurate and misleading results

A

D

20
Q

Why is monitoring for pH a priority at releases involving unknown
hazards? (547)
A. Corrosive materials can damage equipment and PPE.
B. Toxic materials are involved in most hazmat incidents.
C. Corrosive materials are rarely involved in hazmat incidents, but
present violent hazards.
D. Corrosive materials will usually be in a gaseous state, making
them more difficult to contain

A

A

21
Q 
A pH of 7 is: (547)
A. basic.
B. toxic.
C. acidic.
D. neutral
A

D

22
Q

What determines an acid or base solution’s concentration? (548)
A. The percentage of oxygen in the air
B. The amount of hydrogen fluoride present
C. The number of hydrogen ions or hydronium ions produced
D. The ratio of the amount of chemical to the amount of water

A

D

23
Q 
Stripped or bleached pH paper likely indicates: (549)
A. neutral materials.
B. especially corrosive acids.
C. especially corrosive bases.
D. oxidizers and organic peroxides
A

D

24
Q

Although they provide more precise readings than pH paper, pH
meters may be less practical for field use because: (551)
A. they can only be used once.
B. they are much bigger than pH paper.
C. they must be calibrated before each use.
D. they are much more expensive than pH paper

A

C

25
Q

Responders should test for fluoride in situations involving unidentified
or unknown hazardous materials because: (551)
A. hydrogen fluoride is present at most hazmat incidents.
B. fluorides, like hydrogen fluoride are difficult to identify.
C. hydrogen fluoride is extremely corrosive, toxic, and highly
reactive.
D. the presence of fluorides means more reactive substances will
be present

A

C

26
Q

Combustible gas indicators (CGIs) measure: (552)
A. the percentage of oxygen in the air.
B. the potential a substance has for oxidation.
C. the ratio of hydrogen ions or hydronium ions to water.
D. the amount of flammable vapors or gases in the atmosphere

A

D

27
Q

When responders use a CGI calibrated to one gas to measure other
flammable gases: (553)
A. the CGI will not show any results due to incorrect use of the
instrument.
B. the CGI adjusts itself to give more correct results based on a
system of conversions.
C. the actual LEL of the gas being measured may differ from the
reading the CGI displays.
D. the actual LEL of the gas being measured will not differ from
the reading the CGI displays

A

C

28
Q

Why should responders monitor oxygen levels when using
combustible gas indicators (CGIs)? (554)
A. Too little oxygen exaggerates readings.
B. Low levels of oxygen may damage sensors.
C. CGIs may need specific oxygen levels to function.
D. High levels of oxygen are necessary to support combustion

A

C

29
Q

One limitation of test strips for oxidizers is that: (555)
A. the strips are expensive and have a short shelf life.
B. the strips must be wetted with distilled water before use.
C. responders must be in close proximity to the material in order
to use them.
D. responders must wait several minutes before the strips will
show a reading

A

C

30
Q

Any oxygen reading below 20.9% indicates: (555)
A. a potential threat for fire and explosion.
B. that the atmosphere is oxygen enriched.
C. that a contaminant in the air is displacing the oxygen.
D. that responders will not need to use SCBA or other respiratory
protection

A

C

31
Q

Why should responders frequently replace oxygen sensors? (556)
A. They are easily breakable.
B. Newer models are more effective.
C. They continually degrade, even when not in use.
D. They are the most commonly used detection instruments

A

C

32
Q

Roentgen (R) is a unit used to measure: (557)
A. exposure to gamma and x-ray radiation.
B. the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere.
C. the amount of radiation absorbed by a material.
D. the absorbed dose equivalence as pertaining to a human body

A

A

33
Q

Where is it particularly important for responders to test for the
presence of radiation and contamination? (557)
A. Every incident
B. Oil spill incidents
C. Potential terrorist attacks
D. Randomly selected incidents

A

C

34
Q

Why are ion chambers reliable instruments when encountering
radiations with varying energies? (559)
A. Ion chambers measure the ratio of radiation to oxygen in the
air.
B. Ion chambers are not reliable because they only test for gamma
radiation.
C. Ion chambers often give responses directly proportional to the
intensity of the radiation.
D. Ion chambers are not affected by atmospheric conditions such
as temperature and humidity

A

C

35
Q

If a self-reading dosimeter gives a response that is off the scale,
responders should: (562)
A. recalibrate the instrument.
B. exit the hot zone immediately.
C. finish their task and then leave the hot zone.
D. not cause a panic by telling other responders

A

B

36
Q

While no current meter or device can detect reactive materials,
potentially hazardous chemical reactions will cause: (562)
A. phase changes.
B. a temperature change.
C. an increase in radiation.
D. increased oxygen levels

A

B

37
Q 
Generally, as the dose increases, the severity of the toxic response: 
(563)
A. increases.
B. decreases.
C. remains constant.
D. is not measurable
A

A

38
Q 
When looking at lethal dose and lethal concentration, the smaller the 
value,: (565)
A. the less toxic the substance.
B. the more toxic the substance.
C. the more reactive the substance.
D. the less dangerous the substance
A

B

39
Q

The concentration of an ingested or injected substance that results in
the death of 50 percent of the test population is the: (565)
A. lethal dose.
B. lethal dose low.
C. median lethal dose.
D. lethal concentration

A

C

40
Q

Lethal concentration is the concentration of an _____ substance that
results in the death of the entire test population. (566)
A. inhaled
B. injected
C. ingested
D. absorbed

A

A

41
Q

A typical 4-gas monitor will detect: (567)
A. LEL, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide.
B. LEL, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and potassium sulfate.
C. LEL, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide.
D. LEL, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide

A

D

42
Q

A gas detector that measures volatile compounds in concentrations
of parts per million and parts per billion is a: (568)
A. Geiger-Mueller tube.
B. self-reading dosimeter.
C. photoionization detector.
D. chemical specific detector

A

C

43
Q

In a colorimetric indicator tube, a preconditioning filter may precede
the indicating chemical in order to: (570)
A. remove any traces of oxygen in the tube.
B. increase the speed at which results are displayed.
C. remove contaminants that may interfere with the measurement.
D. allow the instrument to measure specific chemicals and groups
of gases

A

C

Hazmat (18 decks)

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