Lecture 10 Flashcards
What are some characteristic of Bunyaviruses
- Large groups
2. Genome consists of 3 segments of (-) and ambience ssRNA
What is Rift Valley Fever
Mosquito-transmitted disease that affects mainly sheep, cattle and goats.
What does Rift Valley Fever cause
High abortion rates and death of young animals
How to diagnose RVF
- Clinical signs
- Virus isolation
- Serology, ELISA, VNT and SNT
- RT-PCR
- Immunohistochemistry
- PM - Gross port-mortem lesions
How can Rift Valley fever be transmitted to humans
- Vector - Bite of mosquito infected with RVF
- Direct contant - tissue or body fluids, handling birthing tissue, meat
- Aerosol - breathing in the virus during slaughter of infected animal
How do you get immune to Akabane virus
By sexual maturity
How is Akabane transmitted (2)
- Vector-borne
2. Ruminants are not-long term carriers
What are the clinical signs of Akabane (3)
- Adults asymptomatic
- Pregnant ruminants - Abortion and stillbirths, premature births, dystocia
- Congenital abnormalities
What are some congenital abnormalities
- Early pregnancy - behavioural abnormalities ‘Dummy Calves’
- Second trimester - Arthrogryposis, severe muscles atrophy
- Last trimester - Bight and alert but unable to stand
What does Schmallenberg cause
Abortion and stillbirths associated with foetal abnormalities
What is Schmallenberg transmitted by
Culicoides midges
How is Schmallenberg virus shown
- Fever
- Reduced milk yield
- Inappetence
- Loss of body condition
- Diarrhoea
What is the problem with Schmallenberg
Virus crosses the placenta and affects the growing foetus
What are the Schmallenberg symptoms similar too
- BVDV
2. Congenital border disease
What has PRRS been associated with
Acute outbreak reproductive failure in sows
