8.1 Group Psychology

Question 1

Actions and behaviors that individuals are conscious of and performing because others are around.

Answer 1

Social action

Question 2

The tendency for people to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others is known as _____ _____.

Answer 2

Social facilitation

Question 3

Which law of social facilitation suggests that, when in the presence of others, people perform better on familiar tasks and worse on unfamiliar tasks?

Answer 3

Yerkes-Dodson law of social facilitation

Question 4

This term refers to the tendency for individual behavior to be dramatically different in social environments, partly due to the anonymity provided by the presence of a large group.

Answer 4

Deindividuation

Question 5

Behavior against the norm is referred to as _____ behavior.

Answer 5

Antinormative

Question 6

The _____ _____ is a phenomenon that occurs in social groups wherein individuals do not intervene to help victims when others are present.

Answer 6

Bystander effect

Question 7

The tendency of individuals to put in less effort when in a group setting than individually is referred to as _____ _____.

Answer 7

Social loafing

Question 8

The social influence placed on an individual by a group of people or another individual is referred to as _____ _____.

Answer 8

Peer pressure

Question 9

What’s the term for individuals who are equals within a social group?

Answer 9

Peers

Question 10

The simultaneous presence of two opposing thoughts or opinions is called _____ _____.

Answer 10

Cognitive dissonance

Question 11

In contrast to social action, social _____ explores the ways in which two or more individuals can both shape each other’s behavior.

Answer 11

Interaction

Question 12

A jury has decided to award punitive damages that far exceed an amount that any individual member would have recommended. This is an example of _____ ______.

Answer 12

Group polarization. It is the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the individual ideas and inclinations of the members within the group. When a group shifts towards caution, is is called a choice shift.

Question 13

This terms refers to a social phenomenon in which desire for harmony or conformity results in a group of people coming to an incorrect or poor decision.

Answer 13

Groupthink

Question 14

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the creation of optimism and the encouragement of risk-taking.

Answer 14

Invulnerability

Question 15

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Collective _____: ignoring warnings against the ideas of the group.

Answer 15

Rationalization

Question 16

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the belief that the group’s decisions are morally correct.

Answer 16

Morality

Question 17

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) _____ stereotyping: the construction of stereotypes against outside opinions.

Answer 17

Excessive

Question 18

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Pressure for _____: the pressure put on anyone in the group who expresses opinions against the group, viewing the opposition as disloyal.

Answer 18

Conformity

Question 19

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Self-_____: the withholding of opposing views.

Answer 19

Censorship

Question 20

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) Illusion of _____: the false sense of agreement within the group.

Answer 20

Unanimity

Question 21

(GROUPTHINK FACTOR) _____: the appointment of members to the role of protecting against opposing views.

Answer 21

Mindguards

Question 22

A _____ is a behavior that is transiently viewed as popular and desirable by a large community.

Answer 22

Fad

Question 23

Mass _____ refers to a shared, intense concern about the threats to society.

Answer 23

Hysteria

Question 24

Cultural _____ is the process by which an individual’s or group’s behavior and culture begin to resemble that of another group.

Answer 24

Assimilation

Question 25

Ethnic _____ are locations (usually neighborhoods) with a high concentration of one specific ethnicity. These are most common in urban areas.

Answer 25

Enclaves

Question 26

This term refers to communities or societies containing multiple cultures.

Answer 26

Multiculturalism

Question 27

In the case of _____, a subculture group gravitates toward an identity that is at odds with the majority culture and deliberately opposes the prevailing social mores.

Answer 27

Counterculture