8.1 War And Conflict

Question 0

What is terrorism?

Answer 0

A small minority or individual who fights for their beilves.

Question 1

What are the different types of war?

Answer 1

Holy, civil, nuclear, terrorism, guerrilla.

Question 2

What is guerrilla warfare?

Answer 2

A group of rebels who use excessive force.

Question 3

What is a nuclear war?

Answer 3

The use of nuclear weapons.

Question 4

What is a civil war?

Answer 4

A war fought inside one nation. Like in Libiya.

Question 5

What is a holy war?

Answer 5

A war fought as you think you follow the will of God. Between two religions or fought on religious grounds.

Question 6

What are the different causes of war?

Answer 6

Economic. Some say Iraq was invaded by the USA for controls of the oil fields.
Between different religions.In Syria Catholics and Muslims fight. People fought over the holy land.
Trying to overcome a dictatorship. The UK and USA went to Iraq to get rid of Saddam Hussein.
Nationalism. People fought in northern island to gain all of it.

Question 7

What are the positives of war?

Answer 7

Dictators can be removed from power.
Oil and natural resources can be gained.
Allies can be created.
It can defend a nation.
It can act a deterrent to prevent harm.

Question 8

What are the negatives of war?

Answer 8

Many people die.
People will have to follow the new laws of the victor.
Very expensive. You have to rebuild.
Disease spreads.

Question 9

Give a brief history of the just eat theory.

Answer 9

Augustine first thought of it. Holy wars were allowed.
Aquinas. He produced 5 steps that it must follow.
The UN added 2 extra steps.

Question 10

What are the 7 conditions that a just war must follow?

Answer 10

It must be fought for a just reason.
War must be the last resort.
A war must be fought for a good outcome.
It must be declared by a lawful authority.
Only legit targets should be attacked.
A proportional force must be used.
There must be a chance of success.

Question 11

Explain war must be fought for a just reason.

Answer 11

It can be for self defence or it can be to liberate a nation from a attacker or dictator. In Syria the government was using nukes on its people.

Question 12

Explain war must be the last resort.

Answer 12

Every other option has been tried. Peace talks and sanctions must have failed.

Question 13

Explain war must be fought for a good outcome.

Answer 13

The end result has to be good. E.g. Removing Saddam Husain from power. A positive outcome for society.

Question 14

Explain only legit targets should be attacked.

Answer 14

Can’t kill civilians. No places of worship or hospitals can be attacked. Only military bases.

Question 15

Explain a proportional force must be used.

Answer 15

You can’t simply nuke rebels. You have to use the same type of weapon.

Question 16

Explain There must be a change of success.

Answer 16

If you are going against a super power and couldn’t win you can’t go to war.

Question 17

Give reasons why Christians should go to war.

Answer 17

An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. If a person attacks, you have the right to fight back.
If the end result is worse than a war, go to war.
The Lord is a warrior. God used violence to destroy the walls of Jericho.
Jesus said we should stand up for our beliefs which could mean war.

Question 18

Give reasons why Christians should not go to war.

Answer 18

Golden rule and greatest commandment. You wouldn’t want a person to got to war with you.
Exodus 20. Thy shalt not murder. People will always die in a war.
If someone slaps you in the right cheek, turn and offer him your left. Don’t retaliate or fight back.
Blessed are the peace makers for they will reward those who keep the peace by not fighting.
It it doesn’t follow the just war theory you can’t go to war.

Question 19

Why should a muslim go to war?

Answer 19

If it it for the faith. A lesser jihad.
If the force is proportional “do not go beyond the limits”
Mumhamid is the muslim role model. He fought the people of Mecca. If he does, they can.
They have their own ideas of a just war. This is a Harb-al-Muaoli and these are allowed.
Death through a lesser Jihad will mean paradise.
The umhah must be protected and this justifies war.

Question 20

Why shouldn’t a muslim go to war.

Answer 20

Islam means peace. They aim for peace and a fight seldom leads to peace.
Salaan alekium means peace by with you. It is what they aim for.
God does not love those who transgress. Too much fighting will mean no love.
Jihad is an inner struggle, not external.
Fighting will interrupt your search for peace.
They promote all other methods of conflict resolution.
War can damage the Umhah which shouldn’t happen

Question 21

How do charities aim for peace?

Answer 21

P ublisise 
E ducate
A id
C ampaign
E ncourage reconciliation.

Question 22

How does publishing stop war?

Answer 22

Pax Christi produce leaflets and resources about the cause of war. If you know the cause you know how to stop it. People will know about what the charity does and how they can help it stop wars.

Question 23

How does education stop war?

Answer 23

Religious charities offer education on the cause of war and how it can be stopped. If you know the cause you can stop it. Pax Christi does this and they focus on young people as they are good at learning things.

Question 24

How does providing aid stop war?

Answer 24

They provide aid by providing food ,shelter and medical care. Islamic relief does this because of the golden rule.

Question 25

How does campaigning stop war?

Answer 25

They campaign to governments to disarm, negotiate and stop fighting. This is because the governments have the power to do this as they usually cause the war. Pax Christi does this by staging protests as they are a pressure group.

Question 26

How does encouraging reconciliation stop war?

Answer 26

They get opposite forces to talk to each other instead of fighting. This is done as it promotes love and respect. Pax Christi does this by getting the leaders of different groups together.

Question 27

(B) Do you think world peace is possible?

Answer 27

Yes as the United Nations aims for world peace. It is a very large organisation with backing from many powerful nations and such a powerful organisation should be able to achieve world peace. Also religious organisations such as Pax Christi and Islamic relief aim to produce world peace by encouraging negotiations and peace talks. They should be able to achieve world peace.

Question 28

Explain the UN

Answer 28

It has 192 members( 5 permanent, 10 elected every 2 years) The main aims are: World peace, friendly relations among nations, an improvement in working conditions, encourage human rights.

Question 29

Name three areas where the UN work.

Answer 29

Cyprus. ( stop turkey and Spain from fighting over it at the border) Syria( they are part of the peace talks and they helped decide if nuclear weapons where used) Somalia and Ryranda ( keep human rights)

Question 30

What can the UN do to keep peace?

Answer 30

Encourage peace talks, limit arms sales, use peace keeping forces, sanctions and trade restrictions and use the international criminal court.

Question 31

Explain the international criminal court.

Answer 31

They decide whether a nation or person has committed a crime and they decide the punishment. The ICC is investigating what happened in Libya and decided if Gadafi was wrong.

Question 32

How does the UN use peace talks and reconciliation?

Answer 32

They negotiate with parties in a conflict to bring about a resolution. In Syria that talked with the government and the rebels.

Question 33

How does the UN use limits on arms?

Answer 33

They will try to reduce the numbers of weapons and the type (WMD). This is so people can't fight each other. In Syria they wanted to get rid of the nuclear and chemical weapons.

Question 34

How does the UN use peace keeping forces?

Answer 34

Troops are sent in to protect people and make sure agreements are held. They are often used when a resolution can't be found and they stop the fighting. They can be found on the Spain and Turkey border in Cyrus.

Question 35

How does the UN use sanctions and trade restrictions.

Answer 35

They produce economic stations so certain things can't be imported or exported so to try and stop fighting. It is a methord often used before war. In North Korea "luxury items" can't be brought in until the people are treated better.

Question 36

Parents know best. | Give reasons for

Answer 36

``` They have experience. They have your best interests at heart. "Honour thy farther and thy mother" They have unconditional love for you. They promised to raise you well in you baptism and your marriage. ```

Question 37

Parents know best. | Give reasons against

Answer 37

They don't know what it is like to be a child today. It has changed a lot. They could be over protective.

Question 38

What causes religious conflict within family's?

Answer 38

Parents will raise you to follow one faith while you want to follow another. The parents won't like interfaith marriages. Parents disagree on how to raise the children. Homosexuality. Career choices

Question 39

How can a religious family deal with conflicts within a family?

Answer 39

``` They can go to a priest. They offer advice and reconciliation. Look at what Jesus would do. They would forgive each other. They would try and find a solution. Never give up. ```

Question 40

Why can a religious family deal with conflicts within a family?

Answer 40

They want to do the most loving thing. Christians and Muslims think family is important for a stable environment. Golden rule. Honour thy farther and thy mother. Jesus and God forgives. Allah is known as "the forgiver" "Children obey your parents" Ephesians 6:11 by St Paul. "Do not promote your children to anger"Ephesians 6:4 "A child left un disciplined disgraces its mother" Proverbs. "Be careful of your duty to Allah and be fair to your children" Hadith.

Question 41

Why is forgiveness important to christians?

Answer 41

God always forgives. Jesus said "turn the other cheek" meaning forgive. The story of the parodical son. The farther forgave him. The our farther came form Jesus and it says "forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us." The sacrament of reconciliation. If the church offers it, it must be important. Judgment day. If we want to get to heaven we must forgive. Jesus dies for our sins so we could have salvation. The CCC says "forgiveness is the fundamental condition" Jesus said "how many times shall I forgive my brother? Not 7 but 77” this means keep forgiving.

Question 42

What are the causes of bullying?

Answer 42

Someone is different. The bullyer may have been bullyed before. Problems at home. Attention seeking. Insecure. Lack of mental understanding e.g. Aspergers. Social status.

Question 43

What are the types of bullying?

Answer 43

``` Face to face. Cyber bullying. Violence. Peer pressure. Emotional abuse. Words/ insults / verbal abuse ```

Question 44

What are the effects of bullying?

Answer 44

``` Low self esteem. Self harm Suicide Depression. Eating disorders. Becoming a recluse. Emotional e.g. anxious and paranoid. ```

Question 45

Why are Christians against bullying?

Answer 45

Human rights. People should not be persecuted. Golden rule. "Be kind and compassionate to one another" Ephesians 4. "If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other" Matthew 5. Just war theory. You don't have a just reason. We are all made in Gods image so all deserve the same respect. The common good. Bullying breaks this idea.

Question 46

What are the Islamic attitudes to bullying?

Answer 46

"Society is based on the rule of mutual respect" People won't mistreat each other if they have respect for each other. "Violence without just cause is a sin" Bullying is a sin as it can't be justified. "All Muslims are part of the Ummah" Muslims are all brothers and bullying isn't brotherly. "Muhammad taught "every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim"" Muhammad was guided by Allah and he would know best. "Judgment day" If Muslims want to go to paradise, they should not bully because Allah will judge you and lock you out.