Lecutre 5

Question 1

Splenius capitis

Answer 1

O: inferior half of ligamentum nuchae & spinous processes T1-6
I: Lateral half of mastoid process and lat third of nuchal line
A: Unilateral- ipsilateral flexion & rotation of head/neck; Bilateral- extension of head & neck
IV: dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves

Question 2

Levator Scapulae (LS)

Answer 2

O: Transverse process of cervical vert. 1-4
I: medial border of scapula (@ level of & above the spine)
A: Elevated scapula at superior angle; assist in rotation of scapula
IV: Cervical nerves C3-5; dorsal scapular nerve C5

Question 3

Scalenus posterior (SP)

Answer 3

O: posterior tubercles of transverse process C4-6
I: external border of rib 2
A: flexes neck laterally; elevates rib 2 during forced inspiration
IV: ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves C7, C8

Question 4

Scalenus medius (SM)

Answer 4

O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2 & C7
I: Superior surface of rib 1; posterior to groove for subclavian artery
A: flexes neck laterally; elevates rib 1 during forces inspiration
IV: ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves

Question 5

Scalenus anterior (SA)

Answer 5

O: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6
I: superior surface of rib 1, anterior groove of subclavian a
A: flexes neck laterally; elevates rib 1 during forced inspiration
IV: Ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves C4-6

Question 6

Omohyoid

Answer 6

O: superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch; passes thru fascial sling near proximal end of clavicle - forming inf. & superior bellies
I: superior belly inserts on inferior border of hyoid bone
A: depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid bone
IV: C1-C3 via branch of ansa cervicalis

Question 7

Boundaries of Lateral Cervical Triangle

Answer 7

Anterior: posterior border of STM
Posterior: anterior border of trapezius
Inferior: clavicle
Roof: skin, superficial layer of deep cervical fascia which splits to enclose trapezius and STM

Question 8

Innervation of Lateral Cervical Triangle

Answer 8

Lesser occipital (C2)
Supraclavicular n. (C3, 4)
Spinal accessory n. (CN XI)

Question 9

Vasculature of Lateral Cervical Triangle

Answer 9

Occipital a.
Subclavian v. (SV)
Subclavian a. (SA)
External jugular v. (EJV)

Question 10

Boundaries of Axilla - Base

Answer 10

Anterior: pectoralis major
Posterior: latissimus Doris
Medial: thoracic wall
Lateral: humerus

Question 11

Boundaries of Axilla- Apex

Answer 11

Anterior: clavicle
Posterior: superior border of scapula
Medial: 1st rib

Question 12

Vessels of Axilla

Answer 12

Axillary vein and artery
Cephalic v. & basilic v.
Axillary lymph nodes

Question 13

Nerves of Axilla

Answer 13

Long thoracic nerve
Cords of brachial plexus
Proximal ends of terminal nerves of brachial plexus

Question 14

Pectoral Region Bones

Answer 14

Clavicles
Sternum
Ribs
Scapula

Question 15

Superficial Fascia of pectoral region - associated structures

Answer 15

Platysma
Supraclavicular nerves
Anterior and lateral branches of intercostal nerves

Question 16

Deltopectoral Triangle - Borders

Answer 16

Deltoid
Pectoralis major
Middle 1/3 of clavicle

Question 17

Deltopectoral Triangle - Contents

Answer 17

Cephallic v.
Deltopectoral lymph nodes
Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial a.

Question 18

Deep fascia of Pectoral region - clavipectoral fascia

Answer 18

Invests subclavius & pectoralis minor
Pierced by: cephalic v., thoracoacromial a., & lateral pectoral n.
Becomes- suspensory ligament of axilla

Question 19

Superficial cervical fascia & prevertebral fascia

Answer 19

Superficial = platysma, superficial veins, cutaneous nerves
Prevertebral = covers lateral cervical triangle, and around C vertebrae

Question 20

Spinal accessory nerve

Answer 20

Spinal root v= C1 - C5
Cranial root = from medulla oblongata
Innervates STM & trapezius
Roots exits thru jugular foramen