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Cosmetology PM EVIT > Properties Of Hair And Scalp > Flashcards

Properties Of Hair And Scalp Flashcards

Learn these facts for tomorrows big test

1
Q

Hair, skin, and nails are all part of the _________system.

A

Integumentary

Hint: hair, skin and nails all have I in them.

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2
Q

What is hair’s 2 purposes?

A
  1. Protection.
  2. Adorment this is where we come in :)
    Hint: hair has an A and Purposes has a P
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3
Q

The study of hair, its diseases and care, is called…

A

Trichology (Greek Origin)

Hint: We all TRI to take good care of our hair

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4
Q

What are the 2 parts of the hair?

A
  1. Hair root (located below the surface of the skin)

2. Hair shaft (projects above the skin-made up of nonliving fiber, made up of keratinized protein.

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5
Q

The hair shaft projects above the skin-made up of nonliving ______?

A

Fiber

Hint: shaft has an F in it

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6
Q

The hair shaft projects above the skin-made up of nonliving fiber which is made up of ______?

A

Keratinized protein

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7
Q

What are the 5 parts to the hair root?

A
  1. Hair follicle
  2. Hair bulb
  3. Dermal Papilla
  4. Arrector pili muscle
  5. Sebaceous glands
    Hint: remember shade but SHHAD
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8
Q

What is a hair follicle?

A

Is the tubelike depression in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root.
Hint: follicle sounds like fall and tubes fall over

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9
Q

What is hair follicle distribution

A

All over the body, except for the palms and soles of your feet.
Hint: cover your body but you can’t see your palms or soles unless you look under them

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10
Q

Hair follicles grow in which direction?

A

Downward

Hint: fall, downward

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11
Q

Follicles grow downward from the epidermis into the _____ where it surrounds the dermal papilla.

A

Dermis

Hint: follicles fall downward which has two d’s one can count for downward and the other for dermis

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12
Q

What is a hair bulb?

A

Part of the hair strand

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13
Q

What shape is the hair bulb?

A

Club and forms at the bottom of the strand

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14
Q

What does the hair bulb cover?

A

The dermal papilla

Hint: bulb has two b’s and papilla has two p’s

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15
Q

What is the dermal papilla?

A

Is a small, con-shaped elevation at the base of the hair follicle that fits in the hair bulb.

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16
Q

What does the dermal papilla contain?

A

The blood and nerve supply to help things grow.

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17
Q

What is the Arrector pili muscle?

A

Are involuntary muscle fibers which cause the hair to stand up. (Goose bumps)
Think Arrector 🐤 Aflack which could be a goose hense goose bumps

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18
Q

What are sebaceous glands?

A

Oil glands connected to the hair follicles.

They have a fatty, oily substance that covers the hair and skin.

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19
Q

What is another word for fatty and oily substances?

A

Sebrum

Hint: think sebaceous Sebrum both have seb

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20
Q

How many main structures are there to the hair shaft?

A 
3 main structures
1. Cuticle
2. Cortex
3. Medulla
Hint: think cuting hair corrects me
Cuticle cortex medulla
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21
Q

What is the cuticle?

A

Outermost layer. Protects the inner layers and has transparent, scale like cells.
Hint: look at your fingernails

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22
Q

Each cell/scale is attached to the _____.

A

Cortex

Hint: cell core, cortex

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23
Q

The cortex creates what?

A

Shine and smoothness

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24
Q

What is the cortex?

A

The middle layer. Made up of a fibrous core, elongated with cells that contain melanin.
Hint: c is in the middle of A and B

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25
Q

What is medulla

A 
Inner layer (pith). Formed by round cells. Hair may be missing this layer for natural blondes or baby hair.
Hint: medulla would be like the middle
26
Q

Hair is composed of a ____ and grows from ____ that oringinate in the hair follicle.

A

Protein

Cells

27
Q

Keratinization is when new cells ____?

A

Mature

Hint: think of Keratinization as the K standing for kid. When we grow up we mature

28
Q

Keratinization cells are filled with _____, move up, lose their molecules, and ____?

A

Keratin

Die

29
Q

The hair is ____% protein and made up of how many amino acids?

A

90%
5 amino acids
Hint: think hairs for 5 letter 5 amino acids

30
Q

COHNS

A 
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfate
31
Q

How many total acids does the body have?

A

20 amino acids

Hint: 2 T’s in total

32
Q

How many acids can be naturally produced?

A

11 amino acids

Hint: 2 I’d in naturally like 11

33
Q

How many amino acids involve the diet of humans?

A

9 amino acids

Hint: amino acid has 9 letters

34
Q

Amino acids build ____ and are linked like pop beads

A

Proteins

35
Q

A chemical bond that links 2 amino acids together is a ______.

A

Peptide bond

End bond

36
Q

What are polypeptide chains?

A

A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. When then intertwine they are known as a helix.

37
Q

How many type of side bonds are there?

A 
3 types
1.Hydrogen bond
2. Disulfide bond
3. Salt bond
Hint: hyper disfunctional Santa's
Lol give me a break lol it's late.
38
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

A weak bond that can easily break from water or heat, but can reform when the hair is cooled or dried.
Hint: hydro water H equals heat

39
Q

What is a salt bond?

A

Temporary side bonds between adjacent polypeptide chains. They are weak.
Hint: salt goes with pepper like polypeptide

40
Q

What is a disulfide bond?

A

Chemical bonds that join sulfur atoms of neighboring amino acids. Can only be broken with chemicals
Hint: disulfide, dislocate like a broken bone

41
Q

What is hair pigment?

A

All natural hair color which is the result of pigment in the cortex.

42
Q

What is melanin?

A

Tiny grains of pigment that give the hair its color.

43
Q

What are the two types of melanin?

A
  1. Eumelanin
  2. Phomelanin
    Hint: think of PHEW but PHEU
44
Q

What is Eumelanin?

A

Brown and black to hair

Hint: think of the two e’s as two b’s.

45
Q

What is phomelanin?

A

Natural reds and blondes.

Hint: pho, fake colors

46
Q

What are wave patterns?

A 
The shape of the hair strand.
Striaght
Wavy
Curly
Extremely curly
47
Q

What is hair texture?

A

Thickness or thinnest of each individual strand of hair
Course- largest diameter
Medium- most common
Fine- smallest diameter very fragile
Hint: thickness and thinnest both have T’s like texture

48
Q

What is hair density?

A 
The individual strands of hair per square on the scalp. 
Low- thin hair
Medium- average hair
High- dense hair
Hint: think of the D as a square
49
Q

What is hair porosity?

A 
The hairs ability to absorb moisture
Low- resistant
Medium- normal
High- corse
Hint: porosity, like pouring rain, moisture
50
Q

What is hair elasticity?

A

Hairs ability to stretch and return
Normal will stretch to about half its length and return.
Low will break

51
Q

What are growth patterns?

A

How the hair grows from the scalp.

52
Q

What is hair stream?

A

All the hair flowing in the same direction

53
Q

What is whorl?

A

When the hair grows in a circular pattern.

Hint: whirlpool

54
Q

What is a cowlick?

A

Hair stands straight up, like a tiff of hair that can be found anywhere.

55
Q

What is dry hair and scalp?

A

Caused by inactive sebaceous glands and aggravated by dryness

56
Q

What is oily hair and scalp caused by?

A

Overactive sebaceous glands and improper shampooing.

57
Q

When does hair growth repeat?

A

Every 4-5 years

58
Q

What are the 2 types of hair growth?

A
  1. Vellus (lanugo)
  2. Terminal
    Hint: think of VT as in Very tired of Terms which people grow tired of.
59
Q

What is Vellus hair

A

Short, fine hair

Hint: L’s are tall u and s are short

60
Q

What is terminal hair?

A

Found on scalp, legs, arms, and chest for men

61
Q

What are the stages of growth?

A 
Anagen- growth
Catagen- transition phase
Telegen- final resting phase
Hint: ACT
Ants Catch Telephones

Cosmetology PM EVIT (2 decks)

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