Renal Pathology Diseases Flashcards
How does FSGS develop?
Progressive fibrosis involving some glomeruli develops after many types of renal injury, which leads to:
- proteinuria
- increasing functional impairment
Pathogenesis of Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Immune complexes containing Streptococcal antigens and antibodies are deposited in the kidneys.
This leads to formation of “subendothelial humps”.
Pathogenesis of Membranous Nephropathy
Develops from an auto-immune response against PLA2 receptor on podocytes.
Glomerular capillary walls thicken due to accumulation of deposits of Ig along the subepithelium of the GBM.
Which nephrotic syndrome diseases are responsive to steroids?
Which aren’t?
Responsive: Minimal change disease
Non-responsive: Membranous nephropathy, FSGS
What diseases can result in FSGS? (4)
HIV
Heroin use
Sickle-cell disease
Morbid obesity
What is the disease classification of primary FSGS?
A podocytopathy
Pathogenesis of type I MPGN
- Immune complex deposition in the glomerulus
2. Activation of both classical and alternative complement pathways
In which 3 disease settings can secondary type I MPGN develop?
Chronic immune complex disorders
Alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency
Malignancies
Pathogenesis of Dense Deposit Disease (type II MPGN)
Excessive activation of the alternative complement pathway due to constant activation of Nephritic Factor (C3NeF)
What type of disease is MCD?
Are there antibody deposits?
Podocytopathy
No
Pathogenesis of Alport syndrome
Mutations in collagen IV leads to renal, visual and hearing abnormalities
Pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy
IgA complexes are deposited in the mesangium
Pathogenesis of Thin Basement Membrane Disease
Mutations in a3 and a4 subunits of collagen IV
Pathogenesis of Membranoprilferative Glomerulonephritis
Immune-complex deposition in both mesangium and glomerular capillary walls
Which 3 diseases are considered “the most important primary glomerular lesions”?
MCD
Membranous GN
FSGS
