Infectious Disease Class 1 Flashcards
Characteristic catagories of pathogenic microorganisms
Cellular
Subcellular
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Prokaryotes
Possess
- unicellular
- have cell walls
- lack organelles and organized nucleus
Include: bacteria
Types of infectious agents
Bacteria Viruses Parasites Fungi Prions
Eukaryotes
Possess
- membrane bound organelles
- no cell walls
- multicellular
Infectious agents include: fungi and parasites (Protozoa and helminths)
Common types of eukaryotic infections
Mycoses (superficial and deep)
Subcutaneous
Systemic
Types of cellular infectious agents
Helminths, Protozoa, fungi
Types of subcellular infectious agents
Viruses, prions
Prion specific characteristics
Protein particle that causes protein misfolding diseases
- contains no Nucleic acids
- highly resistant to inactivation
Ways of infectious disease transmission
Direct contact
Exchanging of fluids
Contamination of food/drink
Airborne
Vector
Water borne
Zoonotic
vector form
Animal diseases transferred to humans via animal specific pathogens.
Portals of entry for diseases
Mucosal membranes
Skin/dermis
Parenteral routes (puncture wounds)
Iceberg effect
Some symptoms are clinically available (above the water)
Some symptoms are not clinically available (below the water)
Localized vs systemic infection
Localized: viruses stay localized to replicate and then infect local cells. Usually less serious and does not get in blood stream.
Systemic: blood system or lymphatic system picks up infection before or after replication and infects non localized areas. Usually more serious
Normal initial defenses to diseases
Skin
Mucosal membrane
Respiratory tract
GI tract
GU tract
Eyes
Innate immune system
Host factors
Influence the course of an infection
