Derm Gross Anatomy Flashcards
flat, circumscribed of any size; distinguished from surrounding skin by discoloration
macule
elevated, solid area, <5mm diam
papule
elevated, solid area, >5mm diam
nodule
elevated, flat-topped area, >5mm diam
plaque
fluid-filled raised area, <5 mm diam
vesicle
discrete, pus-filled raised area
pustule
skin condition that occurs in response to excessive itching or rubbing of the skin and results in thick, leathery patches of skin
lichenification
occur when the outermost layer of the epidermis becomes dry and flaky and peels due to excess of dead skin cells
scaling
dried sebum, pus, or blood usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris
crusting
which dermatologic condition?
acute URTICARIA
- pruritic edematous plaques & papules (wheals) usually on sites exposed to pressure (e.g. trunk/distal extrem); develop & fade w/in hrs, but episodes last days-mo
which dermatologic condition?
acute eczematous dermatitis
- multiple disorders w/ red, papulovesicular, oozing & crusted lesions –> develop into raised scaling plaques
which dermatologic condition?
ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME (Acute):
- “multiform” lesions incl. macules, papules, vesicles, bullae AND a characteristic target lesion consisting of a red macule or papule w/ a pale/ vesicular, or eroded center; lesions usually symmetrical on both extremities
which dermatologic condition?
STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (acute; related to erythema multiforme)
- extensive febrile form; Hemorrhagic crusts involve lips & oral mucosa; might involve conjunctiva, urethra, genital, perianal areas –> can result in life-threatening sepsis
which dermatologic conditon?
PSORIASIS (chronic):
plaques (well-demarcated, pink-salmon colored) covered by loosely-adherent silver-white scales; skin of elbows/knees, scalp, lumbosacral area/ intergluteal cleft, & glans penis
which dermatologic condition?
LICHEN PLANUS (chronic)
- itchy, violaceous [violet], flat papules → may coalesce forming plaques
- papules are highlighted by white dots/lines (Wickhan striae)
- Multi lesions w/ symmetrical distribution (extremities, esp wrists/elbows/glans penis)
- Mucosal lesions: white & reticulated
which dermatologic condition?
PEMPHIGOID VULGARIS (chronic)
- suprabasal blister) primary lesions are vesicles & bullae → easily ruptured, leaving shallow erosions covered w/ dried sebum & crust; affects mucosa/skin of scalp, face, axilla, groin, trunk, & points of pressure
which dermatologic pathology?
BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID (chronic)
- (subepidermal blister) tense bullae filled w/ clear fluid; 2cm in diam; do NOT rupture easily bc b/w dermis and epidermis→ HEALS W/O SCARRING (if uncomplicated by infxn)
which dermatologic pathology?
ERYTHEMA NODOSUM (chronic);
poorly-defined, tender, erythematous plaques and nodules; possibly raised
which derm pathology?
VERRUCAE (viral)
warts
which derm pathology?
(honey-covered crust)
Impetigo (bacteria)
which derm pathology?
TINEA CAPITUS
(well-circumscribed patch)
which derm pathology?
TINEA CORPORIS
which derm pathology?
lesions are asymptomatic, flat, well-demarcated macules & patches of pigment loss; variable size (few-many cm)
VITILIGO
which derm pathology?
tan-brown, uniformly pigmented, small (<6 mm) of flat (macules) to elevated (papules) w/ well-defined rounded borders
MELANOTIC NEVI
which derm pathology?
compound nevus w/ architectural and cytologic abnormalities
DYSPLASTIC NEVI
which derm pathology?
- Change in color, size or shape of pre-existing mole (majority are > 10mm)
- Irregular notched borders
- Variegation of color (black, brown, red, blue, gray)
MALIGNANT MELANOMA
which derm pathology?
MELANOMA
which derm pathology?
round, flat, “coin-like” plaques; tan-dark brown w/ granular surface, mm-cm in diam; give impression of “stuck on”
Seborrheic keratosis
( Benign epithelial tumors)
which derm pathology?
- soft, flesh-colored, bag-like, attached to skin by slender stalk
- aka acrochordon, squamous papilloma and skin tag
Fibroepithelial polyp
which derm pathology?
<1 cm in diameter, tan-brown, red or skin colored, w/ rough surface, on the face/arms, dorsum of hands, or lips (actinic cheilitis)
Actinic Keratosis
which derm pathology?
lesions vary from sharply defined red scaling plaques (in which malignant cells have not invaded thru BM - in situ carcinoma) to nodular lesions w/ hyperkeratosis and ulceration (invasive carcinoma)
Squamous cell carcinoma
(epidermal tumors)
which derm pathology?
slowly growing pearl papules; rarely metastasize but can ulcerate and extensively invade into underlying tissue and bone (rodent ulcers)
Basal cell carcinoma
which derm pathology?
firm, tan-brown papules, usually <1 cm in diameter
Benign fibrous histiocytoma (Dermatofibroma)
