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Year 8 Science > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What are the subatomic particles?

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

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2
Q

What is a proton?

A

Positive charge

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3
Q

What is a neutron?

A

A neutral charge

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4
Q

What is a electron?

A

A negative charge

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5
Q

Where are protons in an atom

A

Inside the nucleus

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6
Q

Where are the electrons in an atom

A

On shells

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7
Q

Where are neutrons in an atom?

A

Inside the nucleus

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8
Q

How many electrons can the first shell hold

A

2

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9
Q

How many electrons can the 2nd shell hold?

A

8

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10
Q

How many electrons can the 3rd shell hold?

A

8

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11
Q

Where is the proton number?

A

On the bottom

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12
Q

Where is the mass number?

A

At the top

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13
Q

How do you work out the number of neutrons?

A

You subtract the proton number from the mass number,

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14
Q

What’s the smallest particle that can exist on its own?

A

An atom

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15
Q

What is an element

A

Substances that are made from one type of atom

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16
Q

What is a compound

A

A pure substance made from two or more elements chemically bonded together and cant be separated

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17
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more elements or compounds that are in the same place but not chemically joined together. This is why air is a mixture.

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18
Q

What is a polymer?

A

Long chains of molecules and they can be cross linked joining several chains together. They are made from smaller molecules called monomers. Rubber bands, plastic bags and chewing gum are examples of polymers

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19
Q

How are synthetic polymers made?

A

Made by joining lots of monomers together to make very long molecules . This process is called polymerisation. Many polymers are made from chemicals that are obtained from crude oil.

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20
Q

How do the properties change?

A

Depending on how long the chains are, the properties change.

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21
Q

What are examples of natural polymers?

A

Grass, sheep wool, silk, cotton, starch.

22
Q

What was the first synthetic fibre called

A

Nylon

23
Q

Properties of polythene are…

A

Strong, tough, and waterproof. It also an electrical and is flexible.

24
Q

What is High density polyethene

A

Strong and relatively flexible plastic material. Used for products that need protection that need protection and need to last a long time.

0000
| | | |
0000

25
Q

0 0. 0. 0
0 0 0
0 0. 0
What does this represent

A

Atoms of an element.

26
Q

00 00 00
00. 00. 00
00. 00. 00
What does this represent

A

Molecules of an element

27
Q

0o. 0o. 0o. 0o
0o. 0o
0o. 0o. 0o
What does this represent

A

Molecules of a compound made of two elements.

28
Q

O0o o0o O0o

What does this represent

A

Molecules of a compound containing three atoms.

29
Q

0o o0o. 0o.
0o 0o0
What does this represent

A

A mixture of compounds

30
Q
  1. O 0 O
    0 O. O 0
    What does this represent
A

Mixture of elements.

31
Q

What Is low density polyethene

A 
Molecules in this type slide over each other this makes it mor flexible. It is light weight.
000
       | 
       0000
                 | 
           000000
32
Q

What is group 1

A

Alkali metals

33
Q

What is a vertical column called?

A

A Group

34
Q

What is a horizontal row called

A

A period.

35
Q

Why are elements put in groups

A

They share the same characteristics and properties.

36
Q

Who put the periodic table together?

A

Dimitri Mendeleev

37
Q

What did dalton do to arrange the elements

A

Put them in order of their atomic weights

38
Q

What did newlands do9 to arrange the elements

A

He made the law of octaves whilst using daltons arrangement of mass. But then other scientists ridiculed him

39
Q

How did dobereiner arrange the periodic table

A

Triad arrangements

40
Q

What is group 7 called

A

The halogens

41
Q

What is in group 7

A

Fluorine ( Fl)
Chlorine(Cl)
Bromine (Br)
Iodine (I)

42
Q 
Characteristics of group 7
Melting points?
State?
Colour?
Reactivity
A

They have low melting points; increases as it goes down the table
They change from gasses to solids as thry go down.
Fl-green cl-yellow br-brown I- blacky purple
The reactivity decreases as you go down the table.

43
Q

What group reacts with iron

A

Group 7

44
Q

What is a displacement reaction

A

When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element for a solution of itself

45
Q

What elements are in group 1

A

Lithium-li
Sodium-na
Potassium-k

46
Q

Properties of group 1?
State?
Conductivity?
Melting point

A

Metals
Good conductors of heat?
Shiny when first cut
The trend of the melting point decreases.

47
Q

What elements are there in group 0?

A 
Helium-he
Neon-ne
Argon-ar
Krypton- kr
Xenon- xe
Radon-rn
48
Q 
What properties does group 0 have?
Density?
Reactivity?
Boiling point?
Colour?
A

Density and reactivity increases as you go down the group.
Boiling point increases as you go down the group
Colourless

49
Q

Why is group 1 reactive?

A

Because group 1 has one electron in its outer shell and they want to fill the outer shell.

50
Q

If the compound has 2 different elements in it, what will it end in?

A

IDE

51
Q

If the compound has 3 different elements in it, what does the compound end in?

A

ATE

Year 8 Science (5 decks)

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