8.2 Blood vessles

Question 1

what are the five types of blood vessels?

Answer 1

artery
arteriole
vein
venule
capillaries

Question 2

What and where do arteries and arterioles carry blood?

Answer 2

oxygenated blood from heart to body

Question 3

what and where do veins and venules carry blood?

Answer 3

deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?

Question 4

where do arteries lead?

Answer 4

Arteriole - capillaries - gas exchange occurs

Question 5

where do capillaries lead into

Answer 5

venules - veins - heart

Question 6

elastic fibres

Answer 6

these are made of elastin. They stretch and recoil providing the vessel with flexibility

Question 7

smooth muscle

Answer 7

contracts and relaxes changing the size of the lumen

Question 8

collagen

Answer 8

provides structural support to maintain the shape and volume of the vessel

Question 9

is the pressure high or low in Arteries and Arterioles?

Answer 9

High

Question 10

is the lumen wide or narrow in Arteries and Arterioles?

Answer 10

narrow

Question 11

are the muscle and elastic layers thick or thin in Arteries and Arterioles?

Answer 11

Thick

Question 12

how thick is the lumen of the capillary

Answer 12

one blood cell

Question 13

why is the lumen of the capillary narrow

Answer 13

to ensure blood flows through in single file

Question 14

how are substances exchanged in the capillaries?

Answer 14

through gaps in the endothelium

Question 15

do capillaries have a high or low surface are

Answer 15

very high

Question 16

how is large SA an adaptation of the capillary

Answer 16

allow the diffusion of substances in and out of the capillaries

Question 17

how is large having a small cross-section area an adaptation of the capillary

Answer 17

it reduces the rate of blood flow from the artery supplying them

Question 18

how is large having a one-cell thick endothelium an adaptation of the capillary

Answer 18

provide a short diffusion pathway for diffusion

Question 19

do veins have pulses

Answer 19

no because blood pressure is low

Question 20

what do vein walls contain

Answer 20

Walls of veins contain a lot of collagen and few elastic fibres and muscle

Question 21

venules walls

Answer 21

no elastin fibres or smooth muscle

Question 22

valves

Answer 22

act as a one-way blood flow system to prevent backflow

Question 23

large valves

Answer 23

these will have active muscles moving
blood

Question 24

breathing movements

Answer 24

in the chest this aids the movement of blood

Question 25

systole

Answer 25

blood is pumped through the aorta and other arteries at high pressure. The
elastic fibres of arteries enable them to expand and allow
blood through.

Question 26

diastole

Answer 26

the blood pressure in the arteries drops. The elastic recoil of the artery walls
help force the blood on.