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12ore > Lec 1 - Introduction To Metalliferous Ore Deposit > Flashcards

Lec 1 - Introduction To Metalliferous Ore Deposit Flashcards

1
Q

Strives to improve genetic models of ore deposits, it provides insight into unique geological models of ore formation

A

Economic Geology

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2
Q

Practical mission of economic Geology

A

Provision of metals and minerals that society requires

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3
Q

Ectraction of valuable minerals or other geologic materials from earth

A

Mining

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4
Q

Major roles in the life cycle of a mine

A
  1. Lead in search of new mineral deposits
  2. Contributes to economic and technical evaluations
  3. Continuously updates mineral reserves
  4. Aids in rehab after mine closure
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5
Q
  • Natural resources in the form of mineral deposits

- any volume of rock containing an enrichment of one or more minerals

A

Mineral Resources

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6
Q

Factors affecting the size available reserve relative to total resource

A
  1. Commodity price or value
  2. Exploration
  3. Technological developments
  4. Changes in regulatory requirement
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7
Q

Determine the size of reserve and whether the mineral deposit is economic. This is intimately linked with demand and supply.

A

Cost vs. price

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8
Q

Natural concentration of useful metals, minerals, or rock, which can be economically exploited

A

Ore deposits

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9
Q

Refers to concentrations that are small or too low-grade for mining

A

Occurence/Mineralization

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10
Q

A natural material from which valuable or useful metal occurs at a sufficient concentration, relative to average rocks, to make it economically worth mining

A

Ore

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11
Q

Non valuable minerals that occurs along with the ore

A

Gangue

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12
Q

Cu

A 
Chalcocite
Chalcopyrite
Bornite
Azurite
Malachite
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13
Q

Fe

A

Magnetite

Hematite

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14
Q

Sn

A

Cassiterite

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15
Q

Pb

A

Galena

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16
Q

Hg

A

Cinnabar

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17
Q

Zn

A

Sphalerite

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18
Q

Al

A

Kaolinite

Corundum

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19
Q

Cr

A

Chromite

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20
Q

Ni

A

Pentlandite

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21
Q

Ti

A

Ilmenite

Rutile

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22
Q

W

A

Scheelite

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23
Q

Mo

A

Molybdenite

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24
Q

Mg

A

Dolomite

Magnesite

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25
Q

Mn

A

Pyrolusite

Rhodochrosite

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26
Q

Early humans used _____ and ______ as pigments

A

Cinnabar and hematite

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27
Q

The first large scale mineral industry, it was used by babylonians and egyptians as building materials

A

Clay

28
Q

Made use of various minerals including some as tints for paints

A

Paleolithic man

29
Q

Man that is acquainted with gold and copper

A

Neolithic man

30
Q

Oldest form of mining is for

A

Gemstones and decorative stones

31
Q

When man began hammering tools out of native copper

A

Copper age

32
Q

When mesopotamians learn that adding tin to copper made it harder

A

Bronze Age

33
Q

Copper was discovered in?

A

18,000 B.C.

34
Q

Earth + Water + Sun Rays = metals

  • grow through accumulation of dark exhalations
  • pure, serene heavenly rays from fixed stars gave birth to bright and precious stones
A

Aristotelian View

35
Q

Noted in the occurence of gold in quartz veins

A

Herodotus

36
Q

A pupil of aristotle described 16 minerals grouped as metals, stones, and earth

A

Theophrastas

37
Q

He wrote naturalis historia

A

Pliny the Elder

38
Q

He grouped the minerals as stones, sulfurs, metals, and salts during the dark ages

A

Avicenna

39
Q

Th golden fleece and the art of making gold

A

Frascatus, thomas, norton, auerelio augerelli

40
Q

How does the fire from the center of the earth was made

A

Rays from heavenly bodies collide from one another to for, heat inside the earth

41
Q

Soft plastic material from which metals come from

A

Gur

42
Q 
Sun - Gold
Moon - Silver
Mercury - Quicksilver
Venus - copper
Mars - iron
Jupiter - tin
Saturn - lead
A

Planets are the creative influence that developed metals

43
Q

Fire at the center of earth

A

Johann Jochim Becher

44
Q

True or False: ore should be more abundant going nearer the central fire

A

True

45
Q

The Golden Tree
Mineral veins are offshoots from an immense trunk which goes down int o the depths of the earth and on account of its great distance from the surface, cannot be reached by mining.

A

Johan Gottlob Lehman

46
Q

He describe pyrites in a clay bed

A

Bernard Palissy

47
Q

Hidtory of metals, 1671

A

John Webster

48
Q

A discourse of natural bathes and mineral waters, 1669

A

Edward Jorden

49
Q

Earth by a metallic plastic principle latent in it, may be in the processe of time changed into a metal (the sceptical chymist, 1661)

A

Rober Boyle

50
Q

Ore develops in suitable

A

Matrices

51
Q

Nature strives after the better

A

Aristotle

52
Q

The heat inside the earth is not equal in intensity everywhere, and the heat “matures” metals

A

Fracastus

53
Q

Metals gradually matured by heat, passing through successive froms and eventually becoming gold

A

Ludivicus

54
Q

He wrote the earliest book on ore deposits

A

Ulrich Rulein von Kalbe (Calbus)

55
Q
  • natural heat which disintegrates and wastes away metals and specially ores when they reached their perfection
  • vapor or exhalation which rises from the veins
  • bluish lambent flame often associated with sulphurous vapor, which may be taken as indisputable evidence of the presence of mineral veins
A

Witterung

56
Q

The country rock and mineral veins that cut it, with the ores and accompanying gangue minerals, were created by God just as we see them at present

A

The vulgar opinion by Franciscus Rueus

57
Q

Who led the odern thinking in geology that began in the 16th century?

A

Agricola and Palissy

58
Q

Father of economic geology who wrote the book De re ametallica Libri Xll

A

Georgius Agricola

59
Q

2 fundamental principles in ore deposits

A
  • “ore channel” are principally secondary features, younger than the country rock
  • ore has been deposited from solutions in these channels
60
Q

Who translated the book De Re Metallica in 1912

A

Herbert Hoover and Lou Henry Hoover

61
Q

2 kinds of water according to agricola

A
  • condensed steam

- rain water

62
Q

Ores are product of condensation from vapors asscending through fissures

A

Nicolas Steno

63
Q

Formed as high temperature replacement bodies near the border zones of igneous intrusive

A

Pyrometasomatic Deposit

64
Q

Ores formed by hot, aqueous solution

A

Hydrothermal Deposits

65
Q

Formed at great depths and at high temperature

A

Hypothermal

66
Q

Ores formed at intermediate depth and temperatures

A

Mesothermal

67
Q

Ores formed at shallow depth and relatively low temperatures

A

Epithermal

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