H E R E D I T Y Flashcards
Learn all 16 terms, and be able to explain them to a four year old.
What is heredity?
Heredity is the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
What is a dominant trait?
A dominant trait is the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
What is a recessive trait?
A recessive trait is a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.
What is a gene?
A gene is a set of instructions for an inherited trait.
What is an allele?
An allele is one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
What is a phenotype?
A phenotype is an appearance or detectable trait.
What is a genotype?
A genotype is the combination of alleles for a trait. (One from each parent.)
What is probability?
Probability is the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
What is Meiosis?
Meiosis is a process during cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.
What are sex chromosomes?
Sex chromosomes are one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
What is a pedigree?
A pedigree is a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
What is DNA?
DNA, short for DeoxyriboNucleic Acid, contains the information on how to make a cell’s proteins.
What is a nucleotide?
A nucleotide is a subunit that consists of sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base in a nucleic-acid chain.
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
What is RNA?
RNA, or RiboNucleic Acid, is a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production.
