GI

Question 1

Give 3 causes of chronic liver disease?

Answer 1

Alcohol, Viral hepatitis, Immune (primary biliary cirrhosis), Haemachromatosis

Question 2

Give 3 complications of chronic liver disease?

Answer 2

Portal hypertension, hypoalbuminaemia and coagulopathy, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatic carcinoma (Hep B)

Question 3

Give 3 risk factors of Gallstones?

Answer 3

Fat, female, forty, fertile, liver cirrhosis, diabetes

Question 4

Give 3 clinical features of cholecystitis?

Answer 4

RUQ pain (radiate to shoulder tip), fever, rigor, cholestatic itch

Question 5

Give 3 causes of Jaundice?

Answer 5

Drugs (paracetamol/rifampacin), viral hepatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, alcohol, cirrhosis

Question 6

Suggest 3 questions you would ask in the social history of a patient with jaundice?

Answer 6

Recent blood transfusion? IVDU? Piercings/Tatooes? Recent Travel? Alcohol use?

Question 7

What is the treatment for paracetamol poisoning ?

Answer 7

N-Acetyl Cysteine

Question 8

Give 3 causes of ascites?

Answer 8

Inflammation (Exudate) - TB, malignancy, peritonitis
Transudate- Hypoalbuminaemia, Nephrotic Syndrome
Low Flow: Cirrhosis, portal hypertension

Question 9

Suggest 2 causes of LBO?

Answer 9

Colorectal malignancy, volvulus

Question 10

What are the symptoms of LBO?

Answer 10

Constipation, vomiting (later), constant abdominal discomfort, high pitched bowel sound (sign), distended abdomen

Question 11

Suggest 3 risk factors for colorectal carcinoma?

Answer 11

Facial adenomatous polyposis, diet high in saturated fat, obesity, alcohol

Question 12

What classification system is used in colorectal carcinoma?

Answer 12

Dukes

Question 13

Give 3 findings of oesophageal carcinoma?

Answer 13

Progressive dysphagia, weight loss and lymphadenopathy

Question 14

Give 3 symptoms of Chron’s?

Answer 14

Right iliac fossa pain, fatigue, fever, malaise, diarrhoea

Question 15

Give 2 extra-intestinal features of Chron’s?

Answer 15

Mouth Ulcers and episcleritis , B12/Iron Deficiency anaemia

Question 16

How do you treat Chron’s?

Answer 16

Prednisolone, Azathioprine, IV Hydrocortisone

Question 17

Give 3 symptoms of UC?

Answer 17

Pain in left lower quadrant, blood and mucus in stool, diarrhoea, fever

Question 18

Give 2 extra-intestinal features of UC?

Answer 18

Uveitis, erythema nodusum (raised red patches/rash), Pyoderma gangrenosum (ulcers)

Question 19

What treatment would you give someone with ulcerative colitis?

Answer 19

Aminosalycayte

Question 20

What two auto-antibodies are found in a patient with coeliac disease?

Answer 20

Anti-tTg (tissue transglutaminase), Endomysial antibody (EMA), alpha gliadin

Question 21

Duodenal biopsy is GOLD standard diagnosis for Coeliac, what would the biopsy show?

Answer 21

Crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy

Question 22

Give 3 symptoms of Coeliac disease?

Answer 22

Abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhoea (steatorrhoea), weight loss and nausea

Question 23

Give 2 extra-intestinal features of Coeliac disease?

Answer 23

Dermatitis hepatiformis (raised red patches on elbows), angular stoats, iron deficiency anaemia, osteomalacia

Question 24

Give 3 symptoms of GORD?

Answer 24

Burning chest pain, aggravated by lying down, worsens with hot drinks and alcohol, painful swallowing, cough

Question 25

Give 3 signs of liver cirrhosis?

Answer 25

Leukonychia, Ascites, Clubbing, Spider navevi

Question 26

Give 3 symptoms of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 26

Epigastric pain, gnawing and can radiate to back, duodenal ulcer worse when hungry, nausea, weight loss

Question 27

How is H.pylori detected?

Answer 27

Urea breath test = urease positive

Question 28

What 3 symptoms make up charcot’s triad?

Answer 28

Jaundice, abdominal pain, fever = acute cholecystitis

Question 29

What alleviates the pain of pancreatitis?

Answer 29

Sitting upright

Question 30

What is the character of the pain of pancreatitis?

Answer 30

Piercing, stabbing, burning pain